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Cindy Test 3 CH. 9,13,17 > Ch. 17 The Peritoneal Cavity and Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Ch. 17 The Peritoneal Cavity and Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Loops of the digestive tract are anchored to the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity by this large double fold of peritoneal tissue

A

Mesentery

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2
Q

Space anterior to the right kidney and posterior to the inferior border of the liver where ascites of fluid may accumulate or an abscess may develop

A

Morison’s pouch

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3
Q

Pouchlike extension of the visceral peritoneum from the lower edge of the stomach, part of the duodenum, and the transverse colon

A

Omentum

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4
Q

Inferior of the liver

A

Subhepatic

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5
Q

Below the diaphragm

A

Subphrenic

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6
Q

Localized collection of pus

A

Abscess

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7
Q

Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

A

Ascites

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8
Q

Most dependent areas inthe flanks of the abdomen and pelvis where fluid collection may accumulate

A

Gutters

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9
Q

Collection of blood

A

Hemorrhage

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10
Q

Increase in the number of leukocytes (white blood cells)

A

Leukocytosis

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11
Q

Inflammation of the peritoneum

A

Peritonitis

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12
Q

Pus producing

A

Pyogenic

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13
Q

Sonographic sign that you see when a vessel or organ is surrounded by a tumor on either side

A

Sandwich sign

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14
Q

Spread of an infection from its initial site to the bloodstream

A

Sepsis

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15
Q

Infection in the blood

A

Septicemia

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16
Q

Cyst containing urine

A

Urinoma

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17
Q

Because of the ________ ligament attachments, collections in the right posterior subphrenic space cannot extend between the bare area of the liver and the diaphragm

A

Coronary

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18
Q

The pleural fluid tends to distribute ________ in the chest

A

Posteromedially

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19
Q

Subcapsular liver and splenic collection are seen when they are _________ to the diaphragm unilaterally and conform to the shape of an organ capsule

A

Inferior

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20
Q

A mass is confirmed to be within the retroperitoneal cavity when anterior renal displacement or anterior displacement of the dilated ________ can be documented

A

Ureters

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21
Q

The mass interposed ____________ or superiorly to the kidneys can be located either intraperitoneally or retroperitoneally

A

Anteriorly

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22
Q

Fatty and collagenous connective tissues in the perirenal or anterior pararenal space produce echoes that are best demonstrated on _________ scans

A

Sagittal

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23
Q

Retroperitoneal lesions displace echoes _________ and cranially

A

Ventrally

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24
Q

Hepatic and subhepatic lesions produce _____________ and posterior displacement

A

Inferior

25
Q

A large, right-sided retroperitoneal mass rotates the intrahepatic portal veins to the _______

A

Left

26
Q

The peritoneal cavity is made up of multiple peritoneal ligaments and folds that connect the _________ to each other and to the abdominopelvic __________

A

Viscera, walls

27
Q

Within the cavity are found the lesser and greater _________, the ___________, and multiple fluid spaces (lesser sac, perihepatic and subphrenic spaces)

A

Omentum, mesenteries

28
Q

The _________ is a smooth membrane that lines the entire abdominal cavity and is reflected over the contained organs

A

Peritoneum

29
Q

The part that lines the walls of the cavity is the ___________ peritoneum, whereas the part covering the abdominal organs to a greater or lesser extent is the ___________ peritoneum

A

Parietal, visceral

30
Q

The general peritoneal cavity is known as the _________ sac of the peritoneum

A

Greater

31
Q

With the development of the stomach and the spleen, a smaller sac, called the __________ sac (omental bursa), is the peritoneal recess posterior to the stomach.

A

Lesser

32
Q

This sac communicates with the greater sac through a small vertical opening known as the ___________ foramen

A

Epiploic

33
Q

When the patient is lying supine, the lowest part of the body is the __________

A

Pelvis

34
Q

A double layer of peritoneum extending from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach is known as the __________ omentum

A

Lesser

35
Q

The _________ omentum is an apron-like fold of peritoneum that hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach

A

Greater

36
Q

Ligaments on the right side of the liver from the _________ and ___________ spaces

A

Subphrenic,and subhepatic

37
Q

The ______________ hepatis ascends from the umbilicus to the umbilical notch of the liver within the free margin of the falciform ligament before coursing within the liver

A

Ligamentum teres

38
Q

The paired _________ abdominis muscles are delineated medially in the midline of the body by the linea alba

A

Rectus

39
Q

The amount of intraperitoneal fluid depends on the ________, ___________, and patient ___________

A

Location, volume and position

40
Q

The ascitic fluid first fill the _____________ then the lateral paravesical recesses before is ascends to both paracolic gutters

A

Pouch of Douglas

41
Q

The small bowel loops __________ or ___________ in the surrounding ascitic fluid, depending of relative gas content and amount of fat in the mesentery

A

Floats or sinks

42
Q

Inflammatory or malignant ascites appears with ____________ echoes; loculation ; unusual distribution, matting, or clumping of the bowel loops; and thickening of interfaces between the fluid and neighboring structures

A

Fine or coarse internal

43
Q

A cavity formed by necrosis within a solid tissue or a circumscribed collection of purulent material is a

A

Abscess

44
Q

Name the five major pathways through which bacteria can enter the liver and cause abscess formation

A
  1. Through the portal system
  2. By way of ascending cholangitis of the common bile ducts
  3. Via the hepatic artery secondary to bacteremia
  4. By direct extension from an infection
  5. By implantation of bacteria after trauma to the abdominal wall
45
Q

Extrahepatic loculated collections of bile that may develop because of iatrogenic, traumatic, or spontaneous rupture of the biliary tree are _____________

A

Lipomas

46
Q

As abscess that forms within the renal parenchyma is a ___________ . Clinical symptoms vary from none to fever, leukocytosis, and flank pain

A

Renal carbuncle

47
Q

The most common abdominal pathologic process is _____________ which requires immediate surgery

A

Acute appendicitis

48
Q

A mass or lesion within the mesentery and omentum may have solid or cystic characteristics, whereas a mass within the peritoneum may show a __________ pattern

A

Infiltrative

49
Q

Mesenteric and omental cysts may be uniloculated or _____________ with smooth walls and thin internal septations

A

Multiloculated

50
Q

An incomplete regression of the urachus during development is an ________ cyst

A

Urachal

51
Q

An encapsulated collection of urine, or ____________ may result from a closed renal injury, from surgical intervention, or it may arise spontaneously secondary to an obstructing lesion

A

Urinoma

52
Q

The most common primary sites of peritoneal metastases are the _________, __________, and ________

A

Ovaries, stomach and colon

53
Q

The __________ sign of lymphoma represents a mass infiltrating the mesenteric leaves and encasing the superior mesenteric artery

A

Sandwich

54
Q

A key factor in determining if an abdominal wall mass is present is the _____________ of the rectus sheath muscles

A

Symmetry

55
Q

A collection of fluid that occurs after surgery in the pelvis, retroperitoneum , or recess cavities is known as a __________

A

Lymphocele

56
Q

Extraperitoneal rectus sheath ___________ are acute or chronic collections of blood lying either within the rectus muscle or between the muscle and its sheath

A

Hematomas

57
Q

An abdominal ____________ is the protusion of a peritoneal-lined sac through a defect in the weakened abdominal wall

A

Hernia

58
Q

A variant of the ventral hernia that is found more laterally in the abdominal wall is a _______ hernia

A

Spigelian

59
Q

List the four sonographic criteria for a hernia

A
  1. Demonstration of an abdominal wall defect
  2. Presence of bowel loops or mesenteric fat within a lesion
  3. Exaggeration of the lesion with strain (valsalva)
  4. Reducibility of the lesion by gentle pressure

Cindy Test 3 CH. 9,13,17 (3 decks)

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