Ch 17- Speciation

Question 0

This Species Concept assumes that a species is compromised of individuals that look alike, species classified on basis of appearance

Answer 0

Morphological species concept

Question 1

The divergence of biological lineages and the emergence of reproductive isolation between lineages

Answer 1

Speciation

Question 2

Two or more species are morphologically indistinguishable but do not interbreed

Answer 2

Cryptic species

Question 3

Two groups of an organism can no longer exchange genes

Answer 3

Reproductive isolation

Question 4

Concept that says that “species are groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations which are reproductively isolated from such groups”

Answer 4

Biological species concept

Question 5

What does the biological species concept not apply to?

Answer 5

Asexual organisms

Question 6

What does the “actually” and “potentially” in the biological species concept mean?

Answer 6

Actually- the individuals live in the same area and breed with one another

Potentially- the individuals do not live I the same area but would breed together if they did

Question 7

Concept that thinks of species as branches on a tree of life

Answer 7

Lineage species concept

Question 8

An ancestor- descendant series of populations followed over time

Answer 8

Lineage

Question 9

What are the two modes of speciation?

Answer 9

Allopatric and Sympatric

Question 10

Speciation that results when a population is divided by a physical barrier (ex. Mountains, water)

Answer 10

Allopatric speciation

Question 11

What is the other name for allopatric speciation?

Answer 11

Geographic speciation.

Question 12

Speciation without physical isolation

Answer 12

Sympatric speciation

Question 13

What is the most common mode of speciation?

Answer 13

Allopatric

Question 14

What is the most common type of Sympatric speciation?

Answer 14

Polyploidy

Question 15

What is polyploidy?

Answer 15

Duplication of sets of chromosomes within individuals

Question 16

Type of polyploidy that arises from chromosomal duplication in a single species

Answer 16

Autopolyploidy

Question 17

Type of polyploidy that arises from the combining of the chromosomes of two different species

Answer 17

Allopolyploidy

Question 18

Mechanisms that prevent hybridization form occurring

Answer 18

Prezygotic Isolating mechanisms

Question 19

Mechanisms that reduce the fitness of hybrid offspring

Answer 19

Postzygotic isolating mechanisms

Question 20

Isolation due to the difference in the size and shapes of reproductive organs

Answer 20

Mechanical isolation

Question 21

Isolation due to species mating at different times of the year or day

Answer 21

Temporal isolation

Question 22

Isolation due to individuals failing to recognize other species as potential mating partners

Answer 22

Behavioral isolation

Question 23

Isolation because the sperm of one species may not attach to the eggs of another species because the eggs do not release the appropriate attractive chemicals

Answer 23

Gametic isolation

Question 24

A region of overlap in the ranges of two closely related species where the species may hybridize

Answer 24

Hybrid zone

Question 25

Isolation due to two closely related species evolve preference for living or mating in different habitats

Answer 25

Habitat isolation

Question 26

What is the most important factor in long term isolation of sexually reproducing lineages?

Answer 26

Reproductive isolation