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A&P 2 > Ch. 17 Endocrine System > Flashcards

Ch. 17 Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

What does CRH stand for?

A

Corticotropin-releasing Hormone

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2
Q

What does ACTH stand for?

A

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

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3
Q

What does TRH stand for?

A

Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone

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4
Q

Where is TRH released from?

A

The Hypothalamus

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5
Q

What kind of hormones do the adrenal gland secrete?

A

Stress-related hormones

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6
Q

What hormones are released from the posterior pituitary gland?

A 
Oxytocin (OT)
Antidiuretic Hormone(ADH)
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7
Q

What hormones are synthesized & released from the anterior pituitary gland?

A 
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Growth Hormone (GH)
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8
Q

Where is the melanocyte hormone released from?

A

The anterior pituitary

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9
Q

Is it more most active in adults?

A

No, bc it has little effect in humans and secretion ceases prior to adulthood

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10
Q

What hormone does the pineal gland secrete?

A

melatonin

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11
Q

What cells in the pancreas stop producing insulin resulting in type 1 diabetes?

A

beta cells

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12
Q

What are the 3 eicosanoids?

A

Prostaglandins
Thromboxanes
Leukotrienes

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13
Q

What are eicosanoids?

A

The primary type of local hormone

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14
Q

What are eicosanoids?

A

The primary type of local hormone

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15
Q

In diabetes mellitus, there is an excess of _______, a condition otherwise known as glycosuria

A

glucose in urine

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16
Q

What is another name for the anterior pituitary

A

andenohypohysis

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17
Q

What are the stages of the Stress Response in chronological order

A

The Alarm Reaction
The Stage of Exhaustion
The Stage of Resistance

18
Q

The Pituitary gland is located within the sella turcica of the ___ bone

A

sphenoid

19
Q

What is the correct order of the adrenal cortex layers

A

Zona glomerulosa
Zona fasciculata
Zona reticularis
adrenal medulla

20
Q

What is the full name of T4

A

tetraiodothyronine

21
Q

Because of their structure, water-soluble hormones bind a receptor on the cell membrane initiating a series of biochemical events across the membrane known as

A

Signal Transduction Pathway

22
Q

In acromegaly, the individual doesnt grow in height, but the bones of the ___,___, and ___ enlarge and widen

A

Hands, Feet, and Face

23
Q

When the body tries to repair its injuries, it secretes

A

Cortisol

24
Q

Cortisol (corticosterone)

A

increase nutrient levels in the blood (fatty acids, glucose. and amino acids) especially in an attempt to resist stress and help repair injured or damanged tissues

25
Q

What does the zona glomerulosa synthesize?

A

mineralocorticoids

26
Q

what are mineralcorticoids?

A

a group of hormones that help regulate the composition and concentration of electrolytes (ions) in body fluids

27
Q

What is the principal mineralcoricoids?

A

aldosterone

28
Q

What does aldosterone regulate?

A

Sodium and Potassium in our body fluids and blood by altering the amounts excreted by the kidney into the urine.

29
Q

What is the zona reticularis capable of secrerting?

A

sex hormones called gonadocorticoids

30
Q

What is the primary gonadocorticoid secreted?

A

androgens

31
Q

What are androgens?

A

male sex hormone

androgens in females are converted to estrogen

32
Q

What glucocorticoids are synthesized in the zona fasciculata?

A

Cortisol and coritcosterone

33
Q

What hormones are considered gonadotropins?

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH)

34
Q

What hormone does the pineal gland secrete?

A

melatonin

35
Q

What are the primary glucocorticoids?

A

cortisol and coritcosterone

36
Q

Oxytocin and ADH are produced where?

A

They are produced in the hypothalamus

37
Q

Oxytocin and ADH are stored where?

A

The posterior pituitary

38
Q

The pancreas is located between….

A

the spleen and the small intestine

39
Q

What are the two factors that affect the concentration of a circulating hormone?

A

Synthesis and elimination

40
Q

What are the two factors that affect the concentration of a circulating hormone?

A

Synthesis and elimination

41
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone is also called

A

thyrotropin

A&P 2 (8 decks)

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