Ch 16 - Nutrition during Adolescence

Question 1

What directs the intensity of the adolescent growth spurt?

Answer 1

Hormones profoundly affect every organ of the body, including the brain

Question 2

When does the adolescent growth spurt begin?

Answer 2

For females, at age 10 to 11;

for males, at age 12 to 13

Question 3

In females, ______ assumes a larger percentage of total body weight. In males, ______ increases much more than in females.

Answer 3

fat; lean body mass (principally muscle and bone)

Question 4

During adolescence, males grow an average of ___ inches taller and gain approx. ___ lbs

Answer 4

8; 45

Question 5

During adolescence, females grow an average of ___ inches taller and gain approx. ___ lbs.

Answer 5

6; 35

Question 6

Energy and nutrient needs are greater during adolescence than at any other time of life, except _________

Answer 6

pregnancy and lactation

Question 7

The energy needs of adolescents vary greatly, depending on:

Answer 7

• the current rate of growth
• gender
• body composition
• physical activity

Question 8

Vitamin recommendations for adolescents are similar to those for adults. Many adolescents are _________ deficient. Who is most at risk for this deficiency?

Answer 8

Vitamin D; blacks, females, and overweight adolescents are most at risk

Question 9

Why do iron needs increase for females?

Answer 9

Iron needs increase for females as they start to lose blood through menstruation. The RDA remains high into late adulthood

Question 10

Why do iron needs increase for males?

Answer 10

Iron needs increase for males as their lean body mass develops. The RDA returns to preadolescent values in early adulthood

Question 11

Adolescence is a crucial time for bone development, and the requirement for _______ reaches its peak during these years.

Answer 11

calcium

Question 12

Low calcium intakes during times of active growth can compromise the development of what?

Answer 12

It can compromise the development of peak bone mass, which is considered the best protection against adolescent fractures and adult

Question 13

Snacks typically provide at least ___% of the average teenager’s daily food energy intake.

Answer 13

25%

Question 14

How do soft drinks affect bone density?

Answer 14

Soft drinks may affect bone density partly because they displace milk from the diet. Adolescents who drink soft drinks regularly have a higher energy intake and a lower calcium intake than those who do not

Question 15

Adolescents eat about ____ of their meals away from home

Answer 15

1/3