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Clincal Nutrition Exam 1 > Ch 16-19-21 Review Sheet > Flashcards

Ch 16-19-21 Review Sheet Flashcards

1
Q

What dietary patterns were successful in in-vitro fertilization for women?

A

Replace trans fat w/ MUFA

Increase high-fat dairy intake

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2
Q

What dietary patterns were successful in in-vitro fertilization for men?

A

Replace trans fat w/ PUFA

Eat fish (salmon is best)

Limit soy consumption

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3
Q

What are the 4 supplemental strategies to recommend to females?

A

Iron
Since
Copper
Vitamin C

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4
Q

What are the 5 supplemental strategies to recommend to females?

A 
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Folic acid
Zinc
L-carnitine
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5
Q

What supplement is needed for motility of sperm?

A

Fish oil

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6
Q

What supplement doubles sperm count and motility?

A

Vitamin C

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7
Q

Hypothesis proposing that the period of gestation has significant impacts on the developmental health and wellbeing outcomes for an individual ranging from infancy to adulthood.

A

Fetal Origin Hypothesis

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8
Q

Calculate the percent weight change?

  • -Usual body weight = 220 lb
  • -Present weight = 200 lb
A

((220-200) / 220) x 100 = ~9% weight reduction

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9
Q

What is a significant weight loss (percent weight change) for 1 month?

A

5%

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10
Q

What is a significant weight loss (percent weight change) for 6 month?

A

10%

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11
Q

What is a severe weight loss (percent weight change) for 1 month?

A

> 5%

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12
Q

What is a severe weight loss (percent weight change) for 6 month?

A

> 10%

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13
Q

What % of calories should should be carbs?

A

45%

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14
Q

What % of calories should should be lipids?

A

30%

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15
Q

What % of calories should come from protein?

A

25%

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16
Q

What supplements are recommended during pregnancy and lactation?

A

Vitamin D ………………..w/ fat
Iron w/……………………..Vitamin C
Zinc/Copper……………..taken separately

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17
Q

What artificial sweetener should be avoided during pregnancy?

A

Saccharin

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18
Q

How long does it take iron and folate depletions to normalize following pregnancy?

A

2-4months postpartum = iron

> 6 months postpartum = folate

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19
Q

When does the incidence of postpartum depression peak following delivery?

A

4 Years postpartum

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20
Q

What are some nutritional strategies to treat postpartum depression?

A

Seafood

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21
Q

When does colostrum occur during the stages of lactation?

A

First week

22
Q

When does transition milk occur during the stages of lactation?

A

7-14 days postpartum

23
Q

When does mature milk occur during the stages of lactation?

A

2 weeks to 7 months

24
Q

When does extended lactation occur during the stages of lactation?

A

7 months to 2 years

25
Q

Which stage of lactation is rich in:

  • -antibodies
  • -fat-soluble vitamins
  • -bifidus factor
  • -protein
A

Colostrum

26
Q

In which stage of lactation does:

  • -protein drop
  • -lactose increase
  • -fat increase
A

Transition milk

27
Q

Which stage of lactation is rich in:

  • -casein
  • -lactose
A

Mature milk

28
Q

Which stage of lactation is has decreasing micronutrients over time?

A

Extended lactation

29
Q

What breastmilk is secreted during feeding?

A

Foremilk

30
Q

Foremilk has what concentration of carbs and fats?

A

High in carbs and low fat

31
Q

What breastmilk is secreted after foremilk?

A

Hindmilk

32
Q

Does an infant have to nurse on each breast each time to get nutrients?

A

Yes, otherwise took many carbs

33
Q

Compounds that stimulate breastmilk production and secretion?

A

Galactogogues (smells like maple syrup)

34
Q

What are the energy and protein needs for an infant (0-6months)?

A

49 kcal/lb

1.0 g protein

35
Q

What are the energy and protein needs for an infant (6-12 months)?

A

45 kcal/lb

0.7 G protein

36
Q

What 4 nutrients are are breast milk deficient in?

A

Vitamin D
Calcium
Iron
Fiber

37
Q

When should solid foods be introduce to an infant?

A

~4 months

38
Q

Based on current evidence, when should iron be given to breastfed or formula-fed infants?

A

~ 4-6months

39
Q

When can meat products be added?

A

6-8 months

40
Q

Is water necessary in the first year?

A

Not necessarily

41
Q

When can you introduce honey, or corn syrup?

A

> 12 months

42
Q

What type of juice is best for infants?

A

100% fruit juice, unsweetened

43
Q

What is the maximum amount of juice a 1-6 year old should get in a day?

A

4-6 ounces

44
Q

How are IgE and non-IgE allergies diagnosed?

A

Skin prick test

45
Q

What is the elimination diet?

A
  • -Avoid offending food for 2-4 weeks
  • -See if offending food symptoms reappear
  • -Avoid offending food for 2-4 weeks
46
Q

What are the most common nutritional deficiencies in kids and adolescents?

A

Iron

47
Q

What is the fiber recommendation for kids 1-3?

A

19 g/day

48
Q

What is the fiber recommendation for kids 4-8?

A

25 g/day

49
Q

What is the fiber recommendation for geriatric patients?

A

30 g/d = men

21 g/d = women

50
Q

What are the most common nutritional deficiencies in older patients?

A 
Calcium 
Vitamin D
Magnesium
Vitamin C
Vitamin E
Vitamin B6

Clincal Nutrition Exam 1 (4 decks)

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