- mucous membrane - lines the internal service of the eyelids and continues over the anterior surface of the eyeball to the outer edge of the cornea where it fuses with the corneal epithelium

Ch. 15 Vocab Flashcards by hayley Delaney

Eye

Wall of eye includes fibrous sensory and vascular layers

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Special sensory receptors

Large complex sensory organs( eyes and ears) or localized clusters of receptors(taste buds and olfactory epithelium)

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Accessory structures of the eye

Eyebrows, eyelids, conjuctiva, lacrimal apparatus,eccentric eye muscles

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Conjunctiva

mucous membrane
lines the internal service of the eyelids and continues over the anterior surface of the eyeball to the outer edge of the cornea where it fuses with the corneal epithelium

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Lacrimal apparatus

Lacrimal glands-release a dilute salt solution(tears) onto another surface of the eyeball
System of ducts

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Lysozyme

A substance in tears

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Extrinsic eye muscles

Lateral rectus;medial rectus; superior rectus;inferior rectus; inferior oblique; superior oblique

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Sclera

The opaque posterior region of the fibrous layer/the white of the eye

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Cornea

Transparent anterior 1/6 of fibrous layer

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Choroid

Posterior portion of the Uvea

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Ciliary body

Ring of tissue surrounding the lens

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Ciliary zonule

Suspended ligament that holds lens in position

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Iris

The colored part of the eye

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Pupil

central opening that regulates the amount of light entering the eye

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Retina

Delicate two laye mebrane

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Photoreceptors

Transducers light energy

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Bipolar cells

A cell that transmits and processes signals

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Ganglion cells

Cells that transmit and process signals:

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Optic disc(blind spot)

Site where the optic nerve leaves the eye

Lacks photoreceptors

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Rods

Photoreceptors that operate in dim light

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Cones

Photoreceptors that operate I bright light

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Macula lutea

Where cones are located

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Fovea centralis

Where cones are concentrated

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Vitreous humor

Included in the posterior segment of the internal chambers and fluids

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Scleral venous sinus

The internal chambers and fluids drains via the scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm) at the sclera-cornea junction

Lens

Allows precise focusing of light on the retina

Photons

Packets of energy

Visible spectrum

The light our eyes can see

Reflection

The light reflecting

Refraction

Bending of a light ray due to change in speed when light passes from one transparent medium to another

Focal point

Where light is focused in our eyes

Emmetropic

Normal

Accommodation

changing the lens shape by ciliary muscles to increase refractory power

Presbyopia

loss of accommodation over age 50

Rhodopsin

accumulates in the dark and retinal sensitivity increases within 20–30 minutes

Light adaptation

Occurs when moving from darkness into light

Dark adaptation

Happen when moving from light to dark

Optic chiasma

Medial fibers of the optic nerve decussate at the optic chiasma

Depth perception

Both eyes view the same image from slightly different angles

Chemoreceptors

Are in taste and smell

Olfactory epithelium

Part of the nose

Taste buds

Receptor organs

Papillae

Taste buds ate on top of these

Gustatory taste cells

Epithelial cells in the taste buds

Umami taste

Savory;amino acids glutamate and aspartate

Auricle (pinna)

Part of the external ear

External acoustic meatus

Short, curved tube lined with skin bearing hairs, sebaceous glands, and ceruminous glands

Tympanic membrane

Eardrum

Middle ear

A small, air-filled, mucosa-lined cavity in the temporal bone

Vestibular(oval) window

Contained in bony wall of the ear

Cochlear round ear

Contained in buy wall f the ear

Auditory tube

Connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx

Malleus

Hammer,

Incus

Avil

Staples

Stirrup

Inner ear

Bony labyrinth,filled with perilymph

Bony labyrinth

Torturous channels in the temporal lobe

Endolymph

In perilymph

Vestibule

Central egg-shaped cavity of the bony labyrinth

Utricle

Utricle is continuous with the semicircular canals

Semicircular canals

Three canals (anterior, lateral, and posterior) that each define two-thirds of a circle

Ampulla

Ampulla of each canal houses equilibrium receptor region called the crista ampullaris

Cochlear

A spiral, conical, bony chamber

Vestibular membrane

Vestibular apparatus consists of the equilibrium receptors in the semicircular canals and vestibule

Basilar membrane

The basilar membrane, which supports the organ of Corti

Lateral rectus

Moves eye laterally

Medial rectus

Moves eye medially

Superior rectus

Elevates eye and turns it medially

Inferior rectus

Depresses eye and turns it medially

Inferior oblique

Elevates eye and turns it laterally

Superior oblique

Depresses eye and turns it laterally