Ch. 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders Flashcards
psychopathology
also called abnormal psychology, the study of mental disorders and unusual or maladaptive behaviours.
Psychopharmacology
the use of medications that affect the brain or body functions to treat psychological disorders
eclectic approach
using various techniques.approaches to treatment that seem appropriate for a given client
psychotherapy
The generic name given to formal psychological treatment generally aimed at changing patterns of thought, emotion, or behavior.
biological therapies
Treatments of psychological disorders based on medical approaches to disease (what is wrong with the body) and to illness (what a person feels as a
result).
free association
the client would say whatever came to mind and the therapist would look for signs of unconscious conflicts, especially where the client appeared resistant to discussing certain topics.
dream analysis
the therapist would interpret the hidden meaning of the client’s dreams
psychodynamic therapy
A form of therapy based on Freudian theory; it aims to help clients examine their needs, defenses, and motives as a way of understanding distress. It is an insight-based therapy which considers maladaptive
behavior the result of an underlying problem.
modeling
the client is encouraged to imitate the displayed behavior (by the therapist), rehearse it in therapy, and later apply the learned behavior to real-world situations. This is part of social skills training
prolonged exposure therapy
This treatment involves those with PTSD repeatedly revisiting and recounting their traumatic experience and gradually approaching situations that they have been avoiding because of reminders of their traumatic experience.
rational-emotive therapy
Through this approach, the therapist acts as a teacher, explaining the client’s errors in thinking and demonstrating adaptive ways to think and behave
interpersonal therapy
a form of psychotherapy that focuses on relieving symptoms by improving interpersonal functioning. It addresses current problems and relationships rather than childhood or developmental issues. Therapists are active, non-neutral, supportive and hopeful, and they offer options for change.
mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
designed to help people who suffer repeated bouts of depression and chronic unhappiness. It combines the ideas of cognitive therapy with meditative practices and attitudes based on the cultivation of mindfulness.
behavior therapy
Treatment based on the premise that behavior is learned and therefore can be unlearned through the use of classical and operant conditioning.
exposure
A behavioral therapy technique that involves repeated exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus or situation.
cognitive therapy
Treatment based on the idea that distorted thoughts produce maladaptive behaviors and emotions; treatment strategies attempt to modify these thought patterns.
cognitive restructering
A therapy that strives to help clients recognize maladaptive thought patterns and replace them with ways of viewing the world that are more in tune with reality.
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
A therapy that incorporates techniques from cognitive therapy and behavior therapy to correct faulty thinking and change maladaptive behaviors.
humanistic approach
the humanistic approach to personality emphasizes
personal experience and the individual’s belief systems. The goal of humanistic therapy is to treat the person as a whole, not as a collection of behaviors or as a repository of repressed thoughts.
reflective listening
the therapist repeats clients’ concerns to help them clarify their feelings.
motivational interviewing
a counseling method that helps people resolve ambivalent feelings and insecurities to find the internal motivation they need to change their behavior. It is a practical, empathetic, and short-term process that takes into consideration how difficult it is to make life changes.
client-centered therapy
An empathic (humanistic) approach to therapy; it encourages people to fulfill their individual potentials for personal growth through greater self-understanding.
systems approach
an individual is part of a larger context. Any change in individual behavior will affect the whole system. This effect is often most apparent within the family.
Lithium
long considered the most effective treatment for bipolar disorder, although the neural mechanisms of how it works are unknown. (mood stabilizer)
