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NUR374 > CH. 15 Schizophrenia > Flashcards

CH. 15 Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

Schizophrenia causes disturbances in

A

Thought Processes
Perception
Affect

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2
Q

Psychosis

A

severe mental condition in which there is disorganization of the personality, deterioration in social function, and loss of contact with, or distortion of, reality.

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3
Q

Schizophrenia translates to

A

split mind

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4
Q

Phases of Schizophrenia

A

Premorbid
Prodromal
Schizophrenia
Residual

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5
Q

Phase I: Premorbid Phase

A 
Social maladjustment
Antagonistic thoughts and behavior
Shy and withdrawn
Poor peer relationships
Doing poorly in school
Antisocial behavior
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6
Q

Phase II: Prodromal

A

Lasts from a few weeks to a few years
Deterioration in role functioning and social withdrawal
Substantial functional impairment
Sleep disturbance, anxiety, irritability
Depressed mood, poor concentration, fatigue
Perceptual abnormalities, ideas of reference, and suspiciousness herald onset of psychosis

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7
Q

Phase III: Schizophrenia

A

In the active phase of the disorder, psychotic symptoms are prominent.

Delusions
Hallucinations
Impairment in work, social relations, and self-care

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8
Q

Phase IV: Residual

A

Symptoms similar to those of the prodromal phase.

Flat affect and impairment in role functioning are prominent.

get them bak to their pre-psychotic phase

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9
Q

Delusion

A

false belief

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10
Q

Prognosis of Schizophrenia

A

a return to full premorbid functioning is not common

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11
Q

factors of a positive prognosis of schizophrenia

A 
old age
female
abrupt onset of stressful event
family history
Hallucinations under controll
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12
Q

biochemical influence of schizophrenia

A

excess of dopamine

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13
Q

Schizophrenia is a chemical imbalance in the brain that

A

alters perception of reality

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14
Q

Schizophrenia requires treatment that is

A

comprehensive and presented in a multidisciplinary effort.

long term

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15
Q

Of all mental illnesses, schizophrenia probably causes more

A

Lengthy hospitalizations
Chaos in family life
Exorbitant costs to people and governments
Fears

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16
Q

Delusional disorder

A

The existence of prominent, nonbizarre delusions

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17
Q

Erotomanic type

A

The individual believes that someone, usually of a higher status, is in love with him or her

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18
Q

Grandiose Type

A

You think you have friends + yourself in high places

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19
Q

Jealous Type

A

you think your partner is unfaithful

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20
Q

Persecutory Type

A

individuals believe they are being persecuted or malevolently treated in some way. Frequent themes include being plotted against, cheated or defrauded, followed and spied on, poisoned, or drugged

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21
Q

Somatic Type

A

believe they have some type of general medical condition.

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22
Q

Mixed Type

A

no single theme is predominant.

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23
Q

Brief psychotic disorder

A

Lasts at least a day but lasts less than 1 month

sudden onset of symptoms

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24
Q

Substance-induced psychotic disorder

A

The presence of prominent hallucinations and delusions that are judged to be directly attributable to substance intoxication or withdrawal

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25
Psychotic disorder associated with another medical condition
Prominent hallucinations and delusions are directly attributable to a general medical condition.
26
catatonic disorder
Stupor and muscle rigidity or excessive, purposeless motor activity Waxy flexibility, negativism, echolalia, echopraxia
27
Schizophreniform disorder
same symptoms as schizophrenia but duration of at least 1 month but less than 6 months
28
Schizoaffective disorder
associated with the mood disorders either mania or depression
29
Positive symptoms
tend to reflect an alteration or distortion of normal mental functions. Positive symptoms are associated with normal brain structures on computed tomography scan and relatively good responses to treatment.
30
Content of thought (positive symptoms )
Delusions Religiosity Paranoia Magical thinking
31
delusions
False personal beliefs
32
religiosity
Excessive demonstration of obsession with religious ideas and behavior
33
paranoia
Extreme suspiciousness of others
34
magical thinking
Ideas that one’s thoughts or behaviors have control over specific situations
35
Form of Thought (positive symptoms)
``` loose association Neologisms Concrete Thinking Clang Associations Word Salad Circumstantiality Tangentiality Mutism Perseverstion ```
36
Loose association
Shift of ideas from one unrelated topic to another
37
Neologisms
Made-up words that have meaning only to the person who invents them ex: fluffer
38
Concrete thinking
Literal interpretations of the environment
39
Clang Associations
choice of words is governed by sound (often rhyming) ex: crack, yack, zack, mack
40
Word Salad
Group of words put together in a random fashion
41
Circumstantiality
Delay in reaching the point of a communication because of unnecessary and tedious details
42
Tangentiality
Inability to get to the point of communication due to introduction of many new topics
43
Mutism
Inability or refusal to speak
44
Perseveration
Persistent repetition of the same word or idea in response to different questions
45
Perception
interpretation of stimuli through the senses
46
Hallucinations
False sensory perceptions not associated with real external stimuli auditory, visual, tactile, gustatory, olfactory
47
Illusions
Misperceptions of real external stimuli
48
Sense of self
The uniqueness and individuality a person feels
49
Echolalia
Repeating words that are heard
50
Echopraxia
Repeating movements that are observed
51
Identification and imitation
Taking on the form of behavior one observes in another
52
Depersonalization
Feelings of unreality
53
Perception (positive symptoms)
hallucinations | illusions
54
Sense of Self (positive symptoms)
echolalia echopraxia identification and imitation depersonalization
55
Negative Symptoms
reflect a diminution or loss of normal functions
56
Affect(positive symptoms)
The feeling state or emotional tone Inappropriate affect Bland Flat Apathy
57
Inappropriate affect
Emotions are incongruent with the circumstances
58
Bland
Weak emotional tone
59
Flat
Appears to be void of emotional tone
60
Apathy
Disinterest in the environment
61
Volition(Negative symptoms)
Impairment in the ability to initiate goal-directed activity Emotional ambivalence Deterioration in Appearance
62
Emotional ambivalence
Coexistence of opposite emotions toward same object, person, or situation
63
Deterioration in appearance
Impaired personal grooming and self-care activities
64
Impaired interpersonal functioning and relationship to the external world (negative symptom)
Impaired social interaction | Social isolation
65
Social isolation
A focus inward on the self to the exclusion of the external environment
66
Impaired social interaction
Clinging and intruding on the personal space of others, exhibiting behaviors that are not culturally and socially acceptable
67
Psychomotor behavior | negative symptoms
Anergia Waxy flexibility Posturing Pacing and rocking
68
Anergia
Deficiency of energy
69
Waxy flexibility
Passive yielding of all movable parts of the body to any effort made at placing them in certain positions
70
Posturing
voluntary assumption of inappropriate or bizarre postures
71
Pacing and rocking
Pacing back and forth and rocking the body
72
Associated features (negative symptoms)
Anhedonia | Regression
73
Anhedonia
Inability to experience pleasure
74
Regression
Retreat to an earlier level of development
75
Nursing diagnosis/outcome
Disturbed Sensory Perception (auditory and visual) related to panic anxiety, extreme loneliness, and withdrawal into self Risk for Violence: Self-directed or Other-directed related to
76
Nursing diagnosis/outcome
Disturbed Thought Processes related to inability to trust, panic anxiety, or possible hereditary or biochemical factors Impaired Verbal Communication and self care deficit related to Panic anxiety Regression Withdrawal
77
Nursing diagnosis/outcome
Social Isolation related to inability to trust, panic anxiety, weak ego development, delusional thinking, regression
78
outcomes for the client
``` Recognizes distortions of reality Has not harmed self or others Perceives self realistically Maintains anxiety at a manageable level Performs self-care activities independently ```
79
Antipsychotics
Used to decrease agitation and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
80
Typical Antipsychotics
Dopamine Blockers Cholinergic a-Adrenergic Histaminic Receptors USED TO TREAT POSITIVE SYMPTOMS
81
Antipsychotic Side Effects
Anticholinergic effects: can't see, can't pee, can't spit, can't shit nausea, rash, orthostatic hypotension
82
Atypical Antipsychotics
USED TO TREAT NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE SYMPTOMS
83
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) include
``` Pseudoparkinsonism Akinesia Akathisia Dystonia Oculogyric crisis ```
84
Antiparkinsonian agents may be prescribed to counteract
EPS.
85
FALTER | Neuroleptic Syndrome
``` FEVER ARMS LUEKOCYTOSIS TREMORS ELEVATED CPK RIGIDITY ```

NUR374 (11 decks)

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