ch 15-organometallic compounds

Question 1

organometallic compound

Answer 1

contains carbon-metal bond

Question 2

What is a key feature of Organometallic compounds?

Answer 2

• the carbon of the carbon-metal bond carries a partial negative charge
• partial negative charge makes it basic and nucleophillic

Question 3

What is another name for organometallic compounds and who discovered them?

Answer 3

Grignard reagents after Victor Grignard

Question 4

How are Grignard reagents prepared?

Answer 4

prepared by reacting halides with an excess of magnesium metal in an ether solvent

Question 5

How are Organolithium reagents prepared?

Answer 5

prepared by reaction of halide with two equivalents of lithium metal

Question 6

What are characteristics for carbon nucleophiles?

Answer 6

• unsymmetrical epoxides, reactions occur at less hindered carbon
• a new carbon-carbon bond is formed making reactions very useful
• initial product formed is alkoxide salt converted to an alcohol

Question 7

What do grignard and organolithium reagents do to most functional groups?

Answer 7

they are very basic and deprotonate functional groups

Question 8

What are characteristics of Gilman reagents?

Answer 8

react with haloalkanes/haloalkenes to form new carbon-carbon bonds
react with oxiranes to give alcohol products

Question 9

What are Carbenes?

Answer 9

neutral molecules that contain carbon with six valence electrons…their equivalents are carbenoids

Question 10

What are characteristics of carbenes?

Answer 10

prepared from photolysis/thermolysis of diazo species

a useful carbenoid is the simmons-smith reagent