Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chapter 15: Special Senses > ch. 15 med terms > Flashcards

ch. 15 med terms Flashcards

1
Q

error of refraction

-exists when light rays fail to focus sharply on the retina

A

ametropia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

farsightedness; the eyeball is too short and the image falls behind the retina.

A

hyperopia, hypermetropia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a form of farsightedness
defect associated with aging
distant objects are seen clearly, but near objects are not in proper focus

A

presbyopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the cornea or lens has a defective curvature

A

astigmatism (Ast)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

procedure that changes the shape of the cornea

A

laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

if eyeball is too long and the image falls in front of the retina causing near-sightedness

A

myopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

opacities that form on the lens and impair vision

A

cataracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

treatment for cataracts that is removal of the clouded lens by emulsifying it using ultrasound or a laser probe

A

phacoemulsification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

method where cataract is broken into very small particles that can be removed through the tiny incision

A

small incision cataract surgery (SICS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

increased intraocular pressure (IOP) caused by the failure of aqueous humor to drain from the eye through a tiny duct called the canal of Schlemm

A

Glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

gradual loss of peripheral vision over a period of years

A

chronic form of glaucoma (also known as open-angle, simple, wide-angle glaucoma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

extreme ocular pain, blurred vision, redness of eye, dilationof the pupil

A

acute form of glaucoma (also known as angle-closure or narrow- angle glaucoma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

screening test that measures intraocular pressure by determining the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force

A

tonometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

device used to measure intraocular pressure

A

tonometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

device that visualizes the anterior chamber angle, expand the scope of the examination

A

gonioscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

using a slit lamp to measure intraocular pressure

A

applanation tonometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

medications that cause the pupils to constrict

A

miotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other and the eyes do not focus simultaneously when viewing an object

A

strabismus ( also called heterotropia or tropia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

inward deviation of eye

A

esotropia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

outward deviation of eye

A

exotropia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

binocular perception of depth or three-dimensional space

A

stereopsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

lazy-eye syndrome

-vision is depressed in the lazy eye so that the child only uses the good eye

A

amblyopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

deterioration of the macula, the most sensitive portion of the retina

A

macular degeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

most common form of macular degeneration, disease is unpredictable and progresses differently in each individual

A

age-related macular degeneration (ARMD, AMD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

more severe form of ARMD, small blood vessels form under macula and fluids leak from the vessels and destroy the visual cells, severe loss of central vision

A

wet or neovascular ARMD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

treatment for wet or neovascular ARMD

A

laser photocoagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

common form of ARMD, small yellowish deposits called drusen develop on the macula and interfere with central vision

A

Dry ARMD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

dried retinal pigment epithelial cells that form granules on the macula

A

drusen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

referred pain

A

synalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

inflammation of the middle ear

A

otitis media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

draining of pus from the ear

A

otopyorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

infection of the mastoid process

A

mastoiditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

inflammation of brain tissue near the middle ear

A

otoencephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

medication to relieve pain

A

analgesics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

incision of the eardrum

A

myringotomy, tympanotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

usual treatment for children with recurrent ear infection utilizing tubes that pass through the tympanic membrane
-tubes drain fluid from middle ear

A

pressure-equalizing tubes (PE tubes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

abnormal hardening

A

ankylosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

disorder characterized by abnormal hardening of bones of the middle ear that cause hearing loss

A

otosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

perceived ringing sound within the ear

A

tinnitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

surgical correction involving removing part of the stapes and implanting a prosthetic device that allows sound waves to pass to inner ear

A

stapedectomy, stapedotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

neoplastic disease that tends to be familial, cell involved is the retinal neuron, vision is impaired

A

retinoblastoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

both sides

EX: both eyes

A

bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

neoplastic disease of the pigmented cells of the choroid, asymptomatic until there is a hemorrhage into the anterior chamber

A

melanoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

removal of an eye

A

enucleation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

severe congenital deficiency in color perception also called complete color blindness

A

achromatopsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

small, hard tumor developing on the eyelid, somewhat similar to a sebaceous cyst

A

chalazion

47
Q

inflammation of the conjunctiva with vascular congestion, producing a red or pink eye; may be secondary to viral, bacterial, or fungal infections or allergy

A

conjunctivitis

48
Q

medial movement of the two eyeballs so that they are both directed at the object being viewed

A

convergence

49
Q

measurement of refractive error

A

diopter (D)

50
Q

eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid

A

ectropion

51
Q

state of normal vision

A

emmetropia (Em)

52
Q

inversion or inward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid

A

entopion

53
Q

abnormal overflow of tears

A

epiphora

54
Q

protrusion of one or both eyeballs

A

exophthalmos

55
Q

localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called stye

A

hordeolum

56
Q

visual distortion of objects

A

metamorphopsia

57
Q

impaired vision in dim light; also called night blindness

A

nyctalopia

58
Q

involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision

A

nystagmus

59
Q

edema and hyperemia of the optic disc usually associated with increased intracranial pressure; also called choked disc

A

papilledema

60
Q

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light

A

photophobia

61
Q

loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process

A

presbyopia

62
Q

any disorder of retinal blood vessels

A

retinopathy

63
Q

chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis common in the southwestern United States that typically leads to blindness

A

trachoma

64
Q

area within which objects may be seen when the eye is in a fixed position

A

visual field

65
Q

complete deafness; also called anacusia

A

anacusis

66
Q

blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear

A

conduction impairment

67
Q

inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process

A

labyrinthitis

68
Q

disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing

A

Meniere disease

69
Q

condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are “too long, too loud, or too close”

A

noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)

70
Q

infection of the external auditory canal

A

otitis externa

71
Q

impairment of hearing resulting from old age; also called presbyacusia

A

presbyacusis

72
Q

tubes that are inserted through the tympanic membrane, commonly to treat chronic otitis media; also called tympanostomy tubes or ventilation tubes

A

pressure-equalizing (PE) tubes

73
Q

perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present

A

tinnitus

74
Q

hallucination of movement, or a feeling of spinning or dizziness

A

vertigo

75
Q

measurement of hearing acuity at various sound wave frequencies

A

audiometry

76
Q

test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo

A

caloric stimulation test

77
Q

method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles

A

electronystagmography (ENG)

78
Q

measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels

A

ophthalmodynamometry

79
Q

evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force

A

tonometry

80
Q

part of an eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet

A

visual acuity (VA) test

81
Q

examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma

A

gonioscopy

82
Q

visual examination of the interior of the eye using a hand-held instrument which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye

A

ophthalmoscopy

83
Q

visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope

A

otoscopy

84
Q

evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays

A

retinoscopy

85
Q

radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal glands and ducts

A

dacryocystography

86
Q

assesses blood vessels and their leakage in a beneath the retina after injection of fluorescein dye

A

fluorescein angiography

87
Q

exercises intended to improve eye movements or visual tracking that use training glasses, prism glasses, or tinted or colored lenses

A

orthoptic training

88
Q

cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above or below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to sun

A

blepharoplasty

89
Q

artifical hearing device that produces useful hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear; also called bionic ear

A

cochlear implant

90
Q

formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma

A

cyclodialysis

91
Q

removal of the eyeball from the orbit

A

enucleation

92
Q

removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact

A

evisceration

93
Q

surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process

A

mastoid antrotomy

94
Q

corrective surgery for a deformed or excessively large or small pinna

A

otoplasty

95
Q

method of trating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed

A

phacoemulsification

96
Q

incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism

A

radial keratotomy (RK)

97
Q

surgical formation of an opening in the sclera

A

sclerostomy

98
Q

method use to evaluate sound conduction using a vibrating tuning fork

A

tuning fork test

99
Q

tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC) of sound

A

Rinne tuning fork test

100
Q

tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time

A

weber tuning fork test

101
Q

reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty

A

tympanoplasty

102
Q

inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye

A

ye antibiotics, opthalmic antibiotics
Generic and Trade Names:
-erythromycin base

103
Q

decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and the cornea

A

antiglaucoma agents
Generic and Trade Names:
-timolol
-acetazolamide

104
Q

drugs that disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye or stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing the pupil to dilate

A

mydriatics
Generic and Trade Names:
-atropine sulfate

105
Q

constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion

A

ophthalmic decongestants
Generic and Trade Names:
-tetrahydrozoline
(Murine, Visine)

106
Q

soothe dry eyes due to environmental irritants and allergens

A

ophthalmic moisturizers
Generic and Trade Names:
-buffered isotonic solutions
(Akwa Tears, Moisture Eyes)

107
Q

treat and prevent nausea,vomiting, dizziness and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli from reaching the part of the brain that triggers nausea and vomiting

A

ear antiemetics
Generic and Trade Names;
-meclizine
(Antrizine, Bonine, Meni-D)

108
Q

pneumatic otoscopy

A

procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure

109
Q

neovascular

A

refers to the wet form of macular degeneration

110
Q

otic analgesics

A

provide temporary relief from earache

111
Q

ST

A

esotropia

112
Q

wax emulsifiers

A

loosen and help remove impacted cerumen

113
Q

XT

A

exotropia

Chapter 15: Special Senses (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions