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Nursing 1 > Ch 15 & 17 > Flashcards

Ch 15 & 17 Flashcards

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1
Q

The stage of being without fever

A

Afebrile

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2
Q

The period of silence between the first Korotkoff sound heard and the next Korotkoff sound heard when it resumes at a number 30 to 40mm Hg lower

A

Auscultatory Gap

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3
Q

Respirations characterized by groups of several shallow breaths followed by variable length periods of apnea.

A

Biot’s Respirations

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4
Q

A pulse that is less than 60 BPM

A

Bradycardia

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5
Q

A respiratory rate below 12 respirations per minute

A

Bradypnea

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6
Q

A pattern of respirations that begin shallow, gradually increase in depth and frequency to a peak, and then begin to decrease in depth and frequency until they are slow and shallow; followed by period of apnea lasting 10 to 60 seconds

A

Cheyne Stokes Respirations

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7
Q

The time during which the ventricles are at rest

A

Diastole

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8
Q

The measurement of the pressure exerted by the blood on the artery walls while the heart ventricles are not contracting, which is the lower of the 2 pressures

A

Diastolic Pressure

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9
Q

Labored or difficult breathing

A

Dyspnea

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10
Q

Respirations in which the rate, depth, rhythm, pattern, and respiratory effort fall within normal parameters

A

Eupnea

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11
Q

The state of having a fever

A

Febrile

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12
Q

High blood pressure; this term describes a systolic reading consistently above 130 or a diastolic reading consistently over 80

A

Hypertension

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13
Q

The rise in blood pressure that occurs as a result of the heart’s having to work harder to pump blood through artery walls made less elastic due to arteriosclerosis

A

Hypertension Primary

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14
Q

Blood pressure that becomes elevated due to renal or endocrine disease

A

Hypertension Secondary

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15
Q

Low blood pressure; this term describes a blood pressure reading that suddenly falls 20 to 30 mmHg below an individual’s normal blood pressure or one that falls below the norm 100/60 mmHg

A

Hypotension

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16
Q

A condition in which an individual’s core temp drops below 95*F

A

Hypothermia

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17
Q

A condition in which an individual finds it too hard to breathe unless he or she is positioned in an upright position, such as sitting or standing

A

Orthopnea

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18
Q

A state in which the radial pulse is slower than the apical pulse

A

Pulse Deficit

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19
Q

The aneroid or electronic pressure manometer, or gauge, that is used to measure blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

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20
Q

An audible, high-pitched crowing sound that results from partial obstruction of the airways

A

Stridor

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21
Q

The measurement of the force exerted by the blood against the walls of arteries during contraction of the heart ventricles, which is when the pressure is highest

A

Systolic Pressure

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22
Q

A pulse greater than 100 BPM

A

Tachycardia

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23
Q

A respiratory rate that exceeds 20 respirations per minute

A

Tachypnea

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24
Q

A bed position used for resting or sleeping and after certain procedures such as lumbar punctures and back surgery

A

Flat

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25
Q

Bed position with knees slightly elevated to prevent sliding down; used when patient wants to sit up to watch TV or converse with visitors

A

Fowler’s

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26
Q

Bed position used for patients on continuous tube feedings to prevent aspiration and for comfort when patient does not wish to be completely flat

A

Semi-Fowler’s

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27
Q

Bed position used for patients who have very low BP to return blood to the brain and vital organs. Keeping head of bed flat with feet elevated is preferred position for patients with dyspnea or head injury

A

Trendelenburg

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28
Q

Bed position used to elevate patients head without bending at the waist for patients who have returned from procedures requiring that legs be kept straight at groin, such as cardiac cath

A

Reverse Trendelenburg

29
Q

Activities such as bathing, washing, and styling hair, brushing and flossing teeth, dressing, showering

A

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

30
Q

A situation in which patients need some assistance with activities of daily living

A

Assisted Care

31
Q

A large lightweight flannel blanket used during a bath to prevent exposure

A

Bath Blanket

32
Q

A type of sheet that is narrower than a flat sheet and has 2 narrow hems on each end. Used to protect the bottom sheet from minor soiling and to help lift and turn heavy patients

A

Draw Sheet

33
Q

Scrapes on the skin that may be due to scratching or that may occur during care

A

Excoriation

34
Q

The practice of keeping oneself clean and well groomed

A

Hygiene

35
Q

A localized, open area of diseased skin

A

Lesion

36
Q

White patches on the tongue or oval mucosa that can be precancerous

A

Leukoplakia

37
Q

Tiny parasites that live on the skin and scalp

A

Lice

38
Q

Softened skin due to continuous exposure to moisture

A

Maceration

39
Q

A purplish blotching of the skin that indicates that circulation has slowed greatly

A

Mottling

40
Q

The eggs of lice

A

Nits

41
Q

Artificial Eye

A

Ocular Prosthesis

42
Q

An overproduction of sebum

A

Seborrhea

43
Q

A fungal infection that can affect any part of the body and can be spread from one person to another

A

Tinea Capitus

44
Q

Blood return from extremities back to the heart

A

Venous Return

45
Q

What is included in bedtime care?

A 
Prepare for sleep
Brush teeth, remove dentures 
Remove glasses/hearing aides 
Extra blankets 
Back Rub? 
Dim Lights
46
Q

Positive Outcomes of Hourly Rounding?

A

Decrease call bell use
Decreases incidences of falls
Gives patient sense of security
Earlier detection of a patient’s deteriorating condition

47
Q

Patents with which disease processes are at an increased risk for complications with nail care?

A

Diabetes

Circulation Problems

48
Q

Risk Factors Associated with Shaving

A 
Thrombolytic Agents 
High Doses of Aspirin 
Blood Disorders 
Liver Disease
Rashes, lesions, inflamed lesions 
Suicidal Patients
49
Q

If water too warm when bathing or showering, what is a possible complication due to vasodilation?

A

Lowers blood pressure which could lead to dizziness or fainting (syncope)

50
Q

Which patients require special mouth care and how often should it be performed?

A

Performed every 2 hours
Patients who are NPO
Patients receiving oxygen by cannula or mask
Patients having nasogastric tube in place
Patients who are unconscious

51
Q

A bed position with 15 to 30 degree angles

A

Low Fowler’s

52
Q

A bed position with 30 to 45 degree angles

A

Semi-Fowler’s

53
Q

A bed position with 45 to 60 degree angles

A

Fowler’s

54
Q

A bed position with 60 to 90 degree angles

A

High Fowler’s

55
Q

Temperature regulating center of the body

A

Hypothalamus

56
Q

The amount of blood discharged atom the left ventricle with each contraction

A

Stroke Volume

57
Q

The volume of blood pumped from the heart in one minute

A

Cardiac Output

58
Q

Three Characteristics assessed when taking someone’s pulse?

A

Rate
Rhythm
Strength/Volume

59
Q

5 characteristics assessed when taking someone’s respirations

A 
Rate per minute 
Depth
Rhythm
Pattern
Respiratory Effort
60
Q

Lifestyle changes to help control (lower) blood pressure include?

A 
Lower dietary salt and fat intake 
Weight loss 
Smoking Cessation 
Reduce or stop excessive alcohol intake 
Stress Reduction
Increased physical activity / exercise
61
Q

4 Circulatory Qualities?

A

Strength of the heart contraction or pumping action of heart
Blood viscosity or thickness
Blood Volume
Peripheral vascular resistance or elastic recoil ability of the blood vessel walls

62
Q

Factors Affecting Blood Pressure

A 
Age, race, obesity 
Exercise, rest, level of hydration 
Circardian Rhythm 
Anxiety 
Meds 
Nicotine and Caffeine 
Hemorrhage
63
Q

Factors affecting body temp

A 
Environment 
Time of day
Gender 
Physical Activity / Exercise 
Meds 
Stress
Food/Drink
Illness
64
Q

Factors affecting pulse rate

A 
Age
Emotions 
Meds
Caffeine / Nicotine 
Exercise 
Circardian Rhythm
65
Q

Factors affecting respirations

A 
Age
Smoking 
Environmental Temp 
Exercise 
Pain / Anxiety 
Rest 
Meds 
Drug OD 
Disease
66
Q

Normal range for temperature?

A

97 to 99.6 degrees

67
Q 
Normal Pulse for: 
Newborn
1-2 Years Old 
3-18 Years Old 
Adults
A

Newborn: 120-160 BPM
1-2 Years Old: 90 to 120 BPM
3-18 Years Old: 80 to 100 BPM
Adults: 60 to 100 BPM

68
Q 
Normal Rate of Respirations: 
Newborn
Infants
Children 
Adolescents 
Adults
A 
Newborn: 30 to 60
Infants: 20 to 40 
Children: 20 to 30  
Adolescents: 14 to 25  
Adults: 12 to 20
69
Q 
Blood Pressure Ranges: 
Normal 
Elevated 
High BP Stage 1
High BP Stage 2
A

Normal: Less than 120 over 80
Elevated: 120-129 / less than 80
High BP Stage 1: 130-139 / 80-89
High BP Stage 2: 140+ / 90+

Nursing 1 (2 decks)

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