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Anatomy-Exam 3 > Ch 15-17 > Flashcards

Ch 15-17 Flashcards

1
Q

The brain has ____ chambers and is filled with_____

A

Four

Cerebrospinal Fluid

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2
Q

List the four regions of the brain

A

Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Brain Stem
Cerebellum

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3
Q

This region of the brain includes more than half of the brain mass

A

Cerebrum

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4
Q

The grooves on the surface of the brain are called

A

Sulci

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5
Q

The ridges on the surface of the brain are called

A

Gyri

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6
Q

These divide the cerebrum into the four surface lobes

A

Fissures

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7
Q

Part of the cerebrum that receives impulses from the sensory receptors is the _____ and it is located in the ____

A

Somatic Sensory Area

Parietal Lobe

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8
Q

Part of the cerebrum that sends impulses to the skeletal muscles is the ____ and it is located in the _____

A

Motor area

Frontal lobe

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9
Q

Part of the cerebrum involved in our ability to speak

A

Broca’s area

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10
Q

The outer layer in the cerebral cortex composed mostly of neuron cell bodies

A

Gray matter

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11
Q

The fiber tracts deep in the gray matter are

A

White matter

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12
Q

This connects the two hemispheres of the brain

A

Corpus Callosum

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13
Q

The islands of gray matter buried within the white matter

A

Basal nuclei

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14
Q

The diencephalon consists of these parts (3)

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

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15
Q

This part of the diencephalon relays sensory impulses

A

Thalamus

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16
Q

This part of the diencephalon controls body temperature, water balance, and metabolism

A

Hypothalamus

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17
Q

This system of the brain controls emotions

A

Limbic

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18
Q

This part of the diencephalon contains the pineal gland and choroid plexus

A

Epithalamus

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19
Q

This part of the brain forms cerebrospinal fluid

A

Choroidplexus

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20
Q

The three parts of the brain stem include

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata

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21
Q

Part of the brain stem that contains the reflex centers for vision and hearing

A

Midbrain

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22
Q

Part of the brain stem that contains nuclei involved in the control of breathing

A

Pons

23
Q

Part of the brain stem that controls heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting

A

Medulla oblongata

24
Q

This is contained within the brain stem and is involved with motor control of visceral organs

A

Reticular formation

25
Q

This region of the brain provides involuntary coordination of body movements

A

Cerebellum

26
Q

The external layer of the meninges is the

A

Dura mater

27
Q

The internal layer of the meninges is the

A

Pia mater

28
Q

The middle layer of the meninges is the

A

Arachnoid layer

29
Q

The CSF is circulated in the (3)

A

Arachnoid space
Ventricles
Center canal of the spinal cord

30
Q

Injury of the brain in which nervous tissue destruction occurs

A

Contusion

31
Q

Injury to the brain in which there is no permanent brain damage

A

Concussion

32
Q

Injury to the brain in which swelling occurs and compresses the brain

A

Cerebral edema

33
Q

The collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the spinal cord

A

Cauda equina

34
Q

The internal gray matter of the spinal cord is mostly

A

Cell bodies

35
Q

The exterior white matter of the spinal cord are

A

conduction tracts

36
Q

The posterior horns of the internal gray matter are called

A

Dorsal

37
Q

The anterior horns of the internal gray matter are called

A

Ventral

38
Q

Dorsal root spinal nerves are a collection of ____ outside the CNS

A

Cell bodies

39
Q

Ventral root spinal nerves contain ____

A

Axons

40
Q

The system composed of nerves and ganglia outside the CNS

A

Peripheral NS

41
Q

PNS nerve structure consists of a _____ around each fiber, with groups of fibers bound into ____ by _____. and the fascicles are bound together by _____

A

Endonerium
Fascicles
Perineurium
Epineurium

42
Q

PNS nerves contain ____ (afferent) nerves that carry impulses away from the CNS ____ (efferent) nerves that carry impulses away from the CNS, and ____ nerves that contain both

A

Sensory
Motor
Mixed

43
Q

There are ___ pairs of cranial nerves contained within the PNS

A

12

44
Q

There are ___ pairs of spinal nerves contained within the PNS

A

31

45
Q

These spinal nerves of the PNS serve the skin and muscles of the posterior trunk

A

Dorsal rami

46
Q

These spinal nerves of the PNS form a plexus for the anterior

A

Ventral rami

47
Q

The ANS consists of ____ nerves only

A

Motor

48
Q

The somatic nerves contain one ____ neuron, whereas the autonomic nerves contain ____ and ____nerves

A

Motor
Preganglionic
Postganglionic

49
Q

The somatic nerves contain the ___ muscle, whereas the autonomic nerves contain ___muscle, ___ muscle

A

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

50
Q

The somatic neurotransmitters always use ___, whereas the autonomic nerves use ___, ___ or ___

A

ACH
ACH
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

51
Q

The sympathetic division uses ___ and ___ neurotransmitters to the effector organs

A

Norepinephrine

Epinephrine

52
Q

The parasympathetic division always uses ___ as a neurotransmitter

A

ACH

53
Q

The division of the PNS is the “rest or repose”

A

Parasympathetic

54
Q

This division of the PNS is the “fight or flight”

A

Sympathetic

Anatomy-Exam 3 (5 decks)

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