ch 14 Flashcards
Made up of DNA, unit of heredity, sometimes are instructions for proteins.
Gene
A complementary pair of nucleotide bases, consisting of a purine and a pyrimidine.
Base-Pair
Made up of protein and DNA, carry genetic information.
chromosome
2 DNA strands with opposite polarity
Anti-parallel
The idea that each DNA molecule is made up of 2 intertwined nucleotide chains (Watson and Crick)
Double helix
1 strand of parent duplex would remain in daughter duplex
Semiconservative replication
Strands that duplicate in replication to form daughter strands
Parent strand
A new strand made from a parental strand, but not the same.
Synthesized strand
Consisting of 3 models: conservative, semiconservative, and dispersive, it is the replication of parental strands to form new strands
DNA Replication
A class of enzymes that all synthesize DNA from a preexisting template. All synthesize only in the 5′-to-3′ direction, and require a primer to extend.
DNA Polymerase
Any of a group of enzymes that unwind the two DNA strands in the double helix to facilitate DNA replication.
Helicase
A topoisomerase involved in DNA replication; it relieves the torsional strain caused by unwinding the DNA strands. (relieves torque)
DNA gyrase
The DNA strand that can be synthesized continuously from the origin of replication.
Leading strand
The DNA strand that must be synthesized discontinuously because of the 5′-to-3′ directionality of DNA polymerase during replication, and the antiparallel nature of DNA.
Lagging strand
A short segment of DNA produced by discontinuous replication elongating in the 5′-to-3′ direction away from the replication.
Okazaki fragment
