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OB > ch 14/15 > Flashcards

ch 14/15 Flashcards

1
Q

helps maintain pregnancy while placental is still forming (signals to keep producing estrogen & progesterone); stimulates breast development to pre[are for lactation

A

hCG

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2
Q

stimulates uterine growth, gets extra bloodflow to placenta

A

estrogen

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3
Q

makes all joints very mobile, helps open up for delivery

A

relaxin

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4
Q

relaxes uterine muscles, causes breasts to develop, responsible for metabolism changes needed for pregnancy

A

progesterone

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5
Q

conception (2wks), pt doesn’t realize pregnant

A

preembyronic

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6
Q

2-8wks, main task is organ formation, neural tube fusion

A

embryonic stage

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7
Q

9-38wks+

A

fetal stage

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8
Q

the fetal side of the placenta

A

shiny shultze

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9
Q

what does the placenta do?

A

produces hormones (hCG, HPL, estrogen, progesterone, relaxin), protects fetus, removes waste

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10
Q

what can the placenta cause?

A

insulin resistance

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11
Q

presumptive signs of pregnancy

A

amenorrhea, breast tenderness, fatigue, constipation, cravings

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12
Q

probable signs pregnancy

A

Goodell sign (softening of cervix), chadwicks sign (blueish discoloration cervix), hegar sign (compressibility of cervix), ballottement (feel fetus move when uterus pushed), braxton hicks, postive serum/urine samples

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13
Q

umbilical cord has how many veins and artieres?

A

1 vein (oxygenated), 2 arteries (deoxygenated)

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14
Q

what does amniotic fluid do/help?

A

helps body temp control, symmetric growth/development, cushioning/protection, compression-free umbilical cord, allows fetal movement, stores waste

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15
Q

maternal changes in pregancy

A

O2 increases, mild hyperventialtion, cardiac output increases 50% & increased HR, physiologic anemia, BP slightly lower until mid-pregancy, increased iron demands, linea nigra, facial melisma, striae gravidum, imcreased insulin needs, breast development, fundal height increase, mucus plug formation, cessation ovulation, lordosis, metabolic rate increases

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16
Q

first trimester

A

conception-12wks

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17
Q

second trimester

A

13-28wks

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18
Q

third trimester

A

29-40wks

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19
Q

where should the fundus be at 20wks?

A

umbilicus

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20
Q

nagean’s rule

A

first day of last menstrual period - 3mo + 7 days + 1 year

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21
Q

how would you assess the nutritional status of a pt?

A

24h diet recall

22
Q

number of pregnancies woman has had in her lifetime (GP and GTPAL)

A

gravidity/grava (G)

23
Q

number of pregnancies that have ended at term (GTPAL)

A

T

24
Q

the number of pregnancies that have ended preterm (GTPAL)

A

preterm (P)

25
Q

number of pregnancies that end by spontaneous or elective abortion (GTPAL)

A

abortion (A)

26
Q

the number of living children (GTPAL)

A

living children (L)

27
Q

the number of pregnancies carries to viable gestational age (20-24wks) (GP)

A

parity/para (P)

28
Q

s/s preeclampsia

A

vision changes, headache not relieved by acetaminophen

29
Q

normal FHR

A

110-160

30
Q

how is measuring the fundus performed?

A

laying down

31
Q

when does a pregant client get screened for diabetes?

A

2nd trimester

32
Q

when does testing for fetal anomalies start?

A

2nd trimester

33
Q

collected via swab, normal bacterial living in mom’s vaginal canal. if baby gets this can cause infection

A

GBS (group beta step)

34
Q

how many kcal/day do pregnant clients need?

A

300kcal/day

35
Q

how many kcal/day do adolescent pregnant clients need?

A

350kcal/day additional plus 50kcal/kg/day

36
Q

how many extra calories are required during lactation?

A

400-500kcal/day

37
Q

how many mg/day of folic acid is needed in pregnancy?

A

0.6mg/day

38
Q

folic acid can be found in what foods

A

citrus fruits/juices, green leafy veg, enriched grains, legumes, avocados, broccoli, papaya

39
Q

BMI is

A

kg/m squared

40
Q

a healthy weighted client should gain how many lbs during pregnancy

A

25-35lbs

41
Q

an overweigh client should gain how many lbs during pregancy?

A

15-25lbs

42
Q

pt education on what yo avoid during pregnancy

A
  • litter boxes
  • hot tubs
  • raw/undercooked meat/eggs
  • excessive caffeine
  • soft cheeses
  • fish
  • gases/fumes
  • resp infection exposures
43
Q

eating non-food substances, eating low-nutrition foods

A

pica

44
Q
  • urinary frequency/incontinence
  • fatigue
  • n/v
  • breast tenderness
  • constipation
  • cravings
  • leukorrhea
  • headache
A

1st trimester s/s

45
Q
  • backache
  • hemorrhoids
  • flatulence
  • pelvic joint pain
  • leg cramps
  • varicosities
A

2nd trimester s/s

46
Q
  • 1st trimester discomforts return
  • SOB, dyspnea
  • heartburn, indigestion
  • dependent edema ankles
  • braxton hicks
  • vaginal discharge
  • insomnia
A

3rd trimester s/s

47
Q

supine hypotension pt education

A

lay on side

48
Q

heartburn pt education

A

avoid fatty foods and excess fluids, avoid lying down after eating, no eating 3h before bed

49
Q

headaches pt education

A

use acetaminophen, not ibuprofen; cold compress, calming environment

50
Q

T/F: you can still travel by plane after the 2nd trimester

A

F

51
Q

T/F: pregnant clients cannot get live vaccinations but can get the flu shot

A

T

OB (5 decks)

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