Ch. 13 Shock

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

The biochemical processes that result in production of energy from nutrients within cell

Question 2

Aerobic metabolism

Answer 2

Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen. Produces high quantity of energy and relatively little waste product in form of water and carbon dioxide

Question 3

Anaerobic metabolism

Answer 3

Metabolism that proceeds in the absence of oxygen. Produces low quantity of energy and relatively high quantity of waste product, including lactic acid.

Question 4

Perfusion

Answer 4

The circulation of blood within an organ or tissue.

Question 5

Hypoperfusion

Answer 5

Inadequate circulation of blood within an organ or tissue.

Question 6

Homeostasis

Answer 6

A balance of all systems within the body.

Question 7

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 7

Shock caused by loss of blood or fluid.

Question 8

Distributive shock

Answer 8

Shock caused by widespread vasodilation of arterioles and venules throughout the body.

Question 9

Obstructive shock

Answer 9

Shock caused by a blockage of blood flow through the heart or great vessels.

Question 10

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 10

Shock caused by insufficient pumping ability of the heart.

Question 11

Septic shock

Answer 11

Shock caused by severe infection.

Question 12

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 12

Severe shock caused by a life-threatening allergic reaction.

Question 13

Neurogenic shock

Answer 13

Shock caused by paralysis of nerves that control the size of blood vessels, leading to widespread vasodilation. Seen in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Question 14

Psychogenic shock

Answer 14

Shock caused by sudden severe, but temporary reduction of blood supply to the brain caused by fainting (syncope).

Question 15

Cardiac tamponade

Answer 15

Compression of the heart caused by fluid build-up. Blood or fluid in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart.

Question 16

Tension pneumothorax

Answer 16

An accumulation of air in the pleural space that leads to increasing pressure inside the chest and presses on the vena cave and heart, reducing blood return to the heart.

Question 17

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 17

a blood clot that breaks off from a large vain and travels to the blood vessels of the lungs where it becomes stuck, obstructing blood flow through the lungs.

Question 18

Compensated shock

Answer 18

The early stage of shock in which the body can still compensate for blood loss, can still maintain blood pressure, and mental status is not yet significantly affected.

Question 19

Decompensated shock

Answer 19

The late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling and mental status is deteriorating.

Question 20

Irreversible shock

Answer 20

The final stage of shock in which recovery is no longer possible.