Ch 13 Quiz Flashcards
What are the two main functions of the respiratory system?
To bring oxygen from the environment into the body and to remove carbon dioxide
What are the major components of the respiratory system
Lungs, upper and lower airways, alveoli, thoracic cage and muscles of breathing
What are the air sacs at the terminal ends of the airways
Alveoli
This is the process in which oxygenated blood exchanges gases with tissues in the body
Internal respiration
This is where the trachea bifurcates , forming bronchi
Carina
Non cancerous growths in the nasal cavity that can be related to chronic inflammation
Nasal polyps
Which condition is characterized by airway inflammation and intermittent bronchospasm
Asthma
The 6 lung volumes
- tidal volume -the amount of air that moves into or out of the lungs in a normal breath
- functional residual capacity-the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration
- inspiratory reserve volume -the amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal inspiration
- expiratory reserve volume-the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal expiration
- residual volume-the volume of the air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration
- vital capacity -the maximum amount of air that can be moved in and out of the respiratory system in a single cycle
The two components of breathing
Ventilation and respiration
What are the gases air contains
Nitrogen oxygen carbon dioxide
Each lung is divided into - , right lung has — and left has —
Lobes, 3 and 2
What protective section is made up of the sternum and thoracic cage
Bony thorax
What is the respiratory control center
Medulla oblongata
How do cilia and mucus work together
Material gets caught and then propelled away from lungs
What are the sinuses
Air filled cavities in the skull that interconnect with the nasal cavity
Name the general functions of the upper airway
Heating or cooling inhaled air to body temp Filtering particles from inhaled air Humidifying inhaled air Providing sense of smell Producing sounds Conducting gas to lower airways
The three main parts of the nasal cavity
Vestibular , olfactory , and respiratory regions
The large dome shaped primary muscle of breathing
Diaphragm
What is the flap of cartilage that closes the air ways during swallowing
Epiglottis
—-the process of moving the air into and out of the lungs , —— the process of exchanging gases with the bloodstream
Ventilation , respiration
Strep throat that is a kind of bacterial pharyngitis
Pharyngitis
A less severe infection of the laryngeal area characterized by noisy breathing , especially on inspiration , barking cough
LTB
A dangerous infection that causes swelling of the epiglottis and airway obstruction
Acute epiglottitis
Caused by over 200 different types of viruses
Common cold
Infection and inflammation of the sinuses
Sinusitis
Inflammation and swelling and pain of the tonsils
Tonsillitis
Characterized by hoarseness and loss of speech
Laryngitis
A condition characterized by trapped air between the chest and the outer surface of the lung
Pneumothorax
Large airways that branch off the trachea
Bronchi
Type of COPD characterized by destruction of alveoli
Emphysema
Membrane that surrounds each lung and reduces friction of breathing
Pleura
The tiny hair like projections on the surface of respiratory epithelial cells
Cilia
The windpipe ; the long cartilage supported tube that extends down the upper portion of the chest
Trachea
The voice box
Larynx
Flexible muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach
Esophagus
A family of diseases characterized by irreversible airway obstruction
COPD
Very small airways
Bronchioles
An infection of the lung tissue
Pneumonia
Another name for nostril
Nare
