CH. 13 Flashcards
Neural Tube Defects
N.T. does not close completely along its length
Craniorachischisis
Completely open brain and spinal cord
Anencephaly
Open brain and lack of skull vault
Encephalocele
Herniation of the meninges
Iniencephaly
Occipital skull and spine defects with extreme retroflexion of the head
Spina Bifida Occulta
Closed, asymptomatic. Some of the vertebrae are not completely closed
Closed spinal dysraphism
Deficient 2+ vertebral arches, covered with lymphoma
Meningocele
Protrusion of the meninges thru defect in skull or spine
Myelomeningocele
Open spinal cord with meningeal cyst
S.C. DORSAL horn
Extend Post. - Afferent/Sensory
S.C. VENTRAL horn
Extend Ant.- Efferent/Motor
4 Somatic Afferent
- Special-Internal sensory
- General Somatic-Skin sensory, pressure, and pain.
- Special- Gut related sensory, ex. Olfactory
- General visceral- Visceral structures such as G.I. tract, urinary/bladder, heart, and great vessels.
Cerebellum
Coordination, Proprioception, motor control, timing (stop/turn off movement at specific time)
Thalamus
Coordination & integration of P.N.S.
Hypothalamus
Master-level integration of homeostatic control of all systems.
Corpus Callosum
Connects/integrates information from the 2 sides of the brain
Basal Ganglia
Supply postural control of unconscious unlearned and learned movements (Ex. arm swing when walking/running)
CSF
Fluid that provides support and protection for the brain
CSF-Brain Barrier
- O2 and CO2 move thru by diffusion.
- H20 by diffusion
- Lipid-soluble & non-peptide hormones pass easily.
Know C.N. and damage does
Think about it
2 divisions of A.N.S.
- Sympathetic
2. Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
“Fight or Flight”
Maintain body temp, adjust blood vessels and BP to meet changing active needs of body.
Parasympathetic
“Rest and digest”
Conservation of energy, resource replenishment and storage, maintains organ function during low activity
Acetylcholine
- PREganglionic- both div. of ANS
* POSTganglionic-SNS only
Epi and Norepinephrine
ONLY SNS POSTganglionic
