Ch 13 Flashcards
General gastrointestinal considerations
Low fiber diet
Avoid foods high in residue (whole-grain bread and cereal, raw fruit and veg)
High fiber diet
More than 5g fiber per serving
Increase stop bulk
Stimulate peristalsis
Prevent constipation
Protect against colon cancer
Potential causes of nausea and vomiting
Gastric acid secretion
Decreased GI motor
Allergy to food
Infection
Intracranial pressure
Liver, pancreas, gallbladder disorder
Indication of bile
Pale green emesis
Nausea and vomiting prevention
Avoid liquids with meals
Good oral hygiene
Elevate head of bed
Serve foods at room temp or chilled
Avoid high fat foods
Diarrhea causes
Emotional and physical stress
GI disorder
Malabsorption
Infection
Medication
Diarrhea treatment
High fiber diet
5 g/serving
Dysphagia causes
Obstruction
Inflamm
Neurological disorder
Dry mouth
Dysphagia care
Oral care
Speech therapist
Small bites, thorough chewing
Pills- 8oz fluid
Avoid thin liquids and sticky foods
Dumping syndrome
Contents of stomach rapidly emptied in small intestine
Rapid rise in BG, increase in insulin =HYPOGLYCEMIA
Early manifestations of dumping syndrome
15-30 min
Fullness Cramping Nausea Diarrhea Vasomotor manifestations (faintness, syncope, diaphoresis, tachycardia, hypotension, flushing)
Late manifestations of dumping syndrome
1-3 hr after eating
Diaphoresis Weakness Tremors Anxiety Nausea Hunger
Dumping syndrome interventions
Consume liquids 1 hr before or after eating
Lie down 20-30 min after meals (delay)
Monitor for deficit in iron and B12
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Indigestion and heartburn
Hiatal hernia Obesity Preg Smoking Meds Genetics
Gastroesophageal reflux disease long term effect
Adenocarcinoma of esophagus
Barrett’s esophagus
Gastroesophageal reflux disease interventions
Avoid situations leading to increase abdominal pressure
> tight clothing
Avoid trigger foods
Acute and chronic gastritis
Inflamm of gastric mucosa
Superficial ulcers -hemorrhages
Acute and chronic gastritis causes
Excessive use of NSAIDs
Bile reflux
Ingestion of strong acid or alkali
Complication of radiation therapy
Complications of trauma
Acute and chronic gastritis manifestations
Abdominal pain Headache Lethargy Nausea Anorexia Hiccuping Heartburn Belching Sour taste in mouth Vomiting Bleeding Hematemesis (vomiting blood)
Acute and chronic gastritis acute recovery
1 day or 2-3
Bland diet
Avoid lavage and emetics
Acute and chronic gastritis intervention
Avoid eating frequent meals and snacks
Monitor: vitamin deficiency, B12
PUD
Erosion of mucosal layer of stomach or duodenum
H. Pylori or chronic use of NSAIDs
PUD teaching
Avoid frequent meals and snacks
Promotes increased gastric acid secretion
Ileostomies and colostomies
Consume diet high in fiber and fluids
Avoid foods that cause gas, blockage (nuts, carrots, popcorn), odor producing (eggs)
