Ch 13 Flashcards
What 2 things distinguish shellfish from fin fish
Hard external shell, internal cartilage
Lack of backbone, internal bone structure
3 main categories of mollusks?
Univalve - one shell
Bivalve - 2 shells that are hinged
Cephalopods - no outer shell, means head & foot
6 types of crustaceans?
Lobsters Shrimp Prawns Crayfish Crawfish Crabs
Hard outer shell jointed appendages
3 examples of echinoderms?
Starfish
Sea urchin
Sea cucumbers
Odd shaped bodies
Univalve (Gastropoda) is?
One shell w/ muscle meat in the underside
Means stomach foot
Know as marine snails
Easy to overcook / can be eaten raw
Examples of univalve?
Conch
Periwinkles
Land snail
5 Examples of bivalve?
Oysters Mussels Scallops Clams Cockles
Most common mussels are small?
Black or dark blue
What could is the flesh of mussels
Yellow orange & firm tender when cooked
Green lip mussels are from? Larger grey shell green edge
No & Southeast Asia
Most mussels are sold?
Alive in the shell
Fibrous nest of threads protruding from between the shells of mussels used to attach to stones rocks is called?
Beard
Mussels must be?
Scrubbed in cold water
Barnacles removed & de bearded
If mussels are alive and you tap it what will happen?
Close shells
Most popular clams are
All the same species
Only named differently due to size
Hard shell species quahogs clam consist of?
Little neck (7-10 clams per pound) smallest
Cherrystone (6-8)
Top neck (approx 4)
Quahogs/chowder (2-3) largest
Prized clam varieties are
Razor clams
Long neck clams
Clean clams?
Must scrub outside shells very well remove sand
6 types of clams
Littleneck clams Longneck clams Top neck clams Cherrystone clams Razor clams Quahog/chowder clams
Scallops are always sold
Already shucked
What is the part of scallops commonly eaten?
Adductor muscle/ responsible for closing the shell
2 main types of scallops are?
Bay scallops - small w/ delicate flavour & texture
Sea scallops - larger & not as delicate as bay but still tender
Fresh scallops can be sold in 2 ways?
Dry packed
Wet packed
Scallop size ranges
U-10
10-20’s
29-30’s
Etc
Cephalopoda are classified as?
Mollusk even though no external shell
3 types of cephalopod?
Squid - 10 tentacles, 2 long removed
Skinned, eviscerated then head, beak, ink sack, plastic like quill removed
Octopus - 8 feet, tough / moist cooking
Cuttlefish - shorter wider than squid
Decapods means
Ten footed crustaceans
Decapod crustaceans have
2 sets of 4 walking legs plus 2 front legs w/ pinching claws
The most important crustaceans used in culinary are?
Lobster - homard Shrimp - crevettes Crab - crabe Prawn (Dublin bay) - langoustine aka scampi in Italy) Crawfish - langoust Crayfish - ecrevisse
Most prized shellfish?
Lobster
3 cooking methods for lobster
Broiled
Baked
Simmered
Don’t over cook
When lobster is caught colour is?
Bluefish Green to black
When cooked red
What parts of lobster are eaten?
Tails
Claws
Legs
Coral (roe/eggs)
Tomalley of a lobster is?
Liver (light green)
Colouring if coral?
Dark green raw
Red cooked
What 2 things should you always discard what in lobster?
Gills
Hard stomach sack
Lobsters are classified by what?
Weight
4 classifications of lobster
Chickens 1lb
Quarters 1 1/4 lbs
Halves/selects 1 1/2 - 2 1/4 lbs
Jumbo 2 1/2+ lbs
What are sleepers
Lobsters that are dying but still alive & can be identified by sluggish movement & inability to hold up their claws
Harmful bacteria naturally found in the flesh of shellfish & lobster will multiply n produce toxins in the meat if what?
If lobster is dead when cooked will be must & fall apart
If it was alive the meat will be firm and springy
What is rock lobster?
Spiny lobster or langoustes
No claws
Langoustine is? And also known as
Smaller relative of the rock lobster aka Rick shrimp
Norwegian lobster
Very delicate flesh
Popular Europe
Not as available in Canada
Shrimp is sold by?
Count per pound
High the count = smaller shrimp
21/25 count refers to between 21&25 shrimp per pound
Green shrimp are
Raw shrimp in shell
P/d means
Peeled & deveined
Pdc means
Peeled deveined & cooked
Crayfish or crawfish are?
Small freshwater relative of lobster
Crawfish commonly used where
New Orleans
Cajun/creole
Crayfish must remove what?
Vein
What is found in the lakes of Ontario
Crayfish
5 types of crab available in Canada
King crab
Considered best, very large, sold frozen
Snow crabs (spider crab)
Dungeness crab
West coast
Stone crab
Blue crabs
Most popular in U.S.
What is molting?
The process where the crustacean grows a new shell underneath the current shell
Happens multiply times in order to grow
New shell is fully formed inside, outer shell splits discards old shell
When purchasing fresh shellfish important to make sure they are?
Alive
Most important echinoderms is
Sea urchin only roe eaten
Sea cucumber are marine animals found
Sea floor worldwide
East & south East Asian cuisine
Consider delicacy
Parboiled salted often smoked
Sea urchin aka
Uni
3 categories of shellfish are?
Mollusk
Crustaceans
Echinoderms
What has a hard outer shell, jointed appendages?
Crustaceans
Usually have radial symmetry or odd shape bodies
Echinoderms
