Ch 13 Flashcards
what’s the difference between an epidemic and pandemic
an epidemic is an increase in cases of disease within a population while a pandemic is an epidemic that spreads over multiple continents
what’s an endemic
disease that occurs at a relatively constant rate within a population
what’s a sporadic disease
one that occurs irregularly and is uncommon
what does hand hygiene prevent
people from contracting infections via fecal-oral or direct contact routes
what factors effect the impact of the spread of disease
infrastructure and climate events
nosocomial infection
infections spread by healthcare workers
Quarantine
used to stop infected individuals from carrying the disease into healthy populations, until the incubation period of that disease has passed
how long ae domestic pets from overseas held in quarantine
~30 days
why does Australia have strict border control
the potentially devastating impact of imported pathogens on our unique flora & fauna
why do notifiable diseases need to be reported?
to define & control disease outbreaks
what are some examples of notifiable diseases
chickenpox, syphilis, rabies, influenza
what’s the index case of an outbreak
the case that started the outbreak
what are the limitations to the notifiable disease method of data seeking
not all infected patients seek healthcare
those who do, may not be diagnosed
delays between onset of symptoms, diagnosis & reporting
miss diagnosis
why are outbreaks in Australia less detrimental
due to healthcare, sanitation, clean drinking water, good nutrition
herd immunity
when a large proportion of people are immune & there are few that are susceptible to spread the disease
