Ch. 12 X-Ray Interactions Flashcards
When an x-ray photon passes through matter, it undergoes a process called:
Attenuation
During the process of attenuation, x-ray photons in the beam:
- Reduce in number
- Lose energy
- Interact
During the process of attenuation, the x-ray photon may interact with:
- The nucleus
- The entire atom
- An orbital electron
Which atomic shell possesses the highest binding energy?
The K shell.
In which element are the inner-shell electrons more tightly bound to the nucleus?
a. Mercury (Z#=80)
b. Tungsten (Z#=74)
c. Lead (Z#=82)
d. Chromium (Z#=24)
c. Lead (Z#=82)
- highest atomic number out of the choices
Which energy-level electrons possess the highest total energy?
a. K
b. L
c. M
d. N
d. N
As the electron shells move farther from the nucleus, total electron energies ____ and binding energies ____.
Increase; decrease
When x-ray interacts with matter and scatters, the photon:
Exits with less energy
When x-ray photons interact with matter and change direction, the process is called:
Scatter
When an x-ray photon with a slightly greater energy than the biding energy of the inner-shell electron interacts with that inner-shell electron, the following interaction results:
Photoelectric absorption
During photoelectric absorption, a/an ____ shell electron is ejected.
Inner
During photoelectric absorption, the ejected electron is called:
A photoelectron
A photoelectron:
- Is matter and possesses energy
- Typically travels 1-2 mm in soft tissue
- Capable of creating biological changes
When an electron from an outer shell fills a vacancy in an inner shell,
A photon is released.
During the photoelectric interaction, as an electron transfers from an outer shell to a vacant inner shell, energy is released in the form of:
A characteristic photon
Secondary radiation energies are highest for which element?
a. Hydrogen
b. Carbon
c. Barium
d. Oxygen
c. Barium
An interaction that occurs between very low energy x-ray photons and matter is called _____ scatter.
- Coherent
- Classical
- Unmodified
During coherent scattering, the scattered photon possesses ______ as the incident photon.
The same energy, the same frequency, and the same wavelength
Compton scattering occurs when an incident x-ray photon interacts with a ____ electron.
Loosely bound outer-shell
The electron dislodged during Compton scattering is called the:
Recoil electron
The photon that exits the atom after a Compton scattering is called the ______.
Compton scattered electron.
During Compton scattering, the incident photon energy is divided between the:
Recoil electron and the scattered photon
As the angle of deflection is increased from 0 degrees to 180 degrees:
Greater energy is imparted to the recoil electron
Unwanted radiographic image densities caused predominantly by scattered photons is called:
Radiation fog
