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BIO 139 > CH 12: Nervous System III: Senses > Flashcards

CH 12: Nervous System III: Senses Flashcards

1
Q

2 Receptor Types

A

Chemoreceptors

Pain Recepters

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2
Q

Sensors that detect changes in CO2, O2, and pH, and have been classified, based upon anatomical location, as either central or peripheral.

A

Chemoreceptors

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3
Q

Receptor that responds to tissue damage

A

Pain receptor

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4
Q

Nociceptor prefix “nocio” means what?

A

Obnoxious stimuli. (Something painful)

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5
Q

Cranial Nerve I name and sense.

A

Olfactory (smell)

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6
Q

Responds to chemical concentration changes.

A

Cranial Nerve I Olfactory (Smell)

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7
Q

The ability to ignore unimportant stimuli is known as what?

A

Sensory adaptation

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8
Q

Which sense does not adapt?

A

Pain

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9
Q

List the 3 groups of “General Senses”

A
  1. ) Exteroceptive Senses
  2. ) Visceroceptive Senses
  3. ) Proprioceptive Senses
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10
Q

External senses that are associated with body surface, touch pressure, temp, and pain.

A

Exteroceptive Senses

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11
Q

These senses pertain to an organ and are associated with changes in the viscera, such as BP stretching vessels, and ingestion of food.

A

Visceroceptive Senses

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12
Q

Associated with changes in muscles and tendons, such as joints. Awareness of your body in space

A

Proprioceptive senses

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13
Q

What is the function of the Tactile (Meissner’s) Corpuscles?

A

To detect fine touch; distinguish between 2 points on skin.

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14
Q

What is the function of the Lamellated (Pacinian) Corpuscles?

A

To detect heavy pressure and vibrations.

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15
Q

This corpuscle is a mechanoreceptor and contains Alpha Fiber “fast”

A

Tactile (Meissner’s) Corpuscle

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16
Q

This corpuscle is a nociceptor of C-Fibers “slow”

A

Lamellated (Pacinian) Corpuscle

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17
Q

Name the myelinated corpuscle.

A

Tactile (Meissner’s) Corpuscle

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18
Q

Name the unmyelinated corpuscle.

A

Lamellated (Pacinian) Corpuscle

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19
Q

Name 3 thermoreceptors

A

Warm
Cold
Pain

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20
Q

What is the sensitivity to temp for warm thermoreceptors?

A

Greater than 77F (25C)

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21
Q

What is the sensitivity to temp for cold thermoreceptors?

A

Between 50f and 68F

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22
Q

What is the sensitivity to temp for pain thermoreceptors?

A

Temps below 10C and greater than 45C

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23
Q

Describe a nocioceptor.

A

Pain fiber, c-fibers “slow”, unmylenated.

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24
Q

Pain receptors are not well localized, they may feel like they’re coming from another part of the body.

A

Referred Pain

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25
Q

Which organ has the largest referred pain pattern?

A

Kidneys

26
Q

Describe the kidneys referred pain pattern.

A

Lower abdomen, lower back, inner and outer thighs.

27
Q

Where might you feel referred pain from your liver and/gallbladder?

A

Upper right quadrant and/or right side of neck.

28
Q

Which pain fibers are A-Delta, Myelinated, and fast?

A

Acute Pain Fibers

29
Q

Which pain fibers are C-fibers (nocio), unmyelinated, and slow.

A

Chronic Pain Fibers

30
Q

What are the 2 main Proprioceptors and where are they found?

A

Muscle Spindles- in skeletal muscles

Golgi Tendon Organs- in tendons

31
Q

Receptors for these types of senses are found in internal organs.

A

Visceral Senses

32
Q

Conveys info of fullness, gas pain, and satiety.

A

Visceral Senses

33
Q

Cranial Nerve I

A

Olfactory (smell)

34
Q

List the Olfactory Nerve Pathway.

A

Olfactory Nerve > Olfactory bulbs > Olfactory Tracts > Limbic system for emotions and/or Olfactory Cortex for interpretation.

35
Q

Cranial Nerve that affects the posterior 1/3 of the tongue.

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

36
Q

Cranial Nerve that affects the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.

A

Facial Nerve (VII)

37
Q

Taste Receptors associated with the Facial Nerve (VII)

A

Salty, Sweet, Sour

38
Q

Taste receptors associated with Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

A

Bitter

39
Q

What is the function of the External Ear?

A

Collect sound waves and guide them to the tympanic membrane

40
Q

What does the Auricle do?

A

Collects the sound waves. Its made of elastic cartlidge.

41
Q

What does the External Auditory Meatus do?

A

Carries the soundwaves to the tympanic membrane

42
Q

What does the Tympanic membrane do?

A

The eardrum. It vibrates in response to sound waves.

43
Q

What is the function of the Middle Ear?

A

To carry sound from outer ear to the inner ear.

44
Q

This equalizes pressure and connects the mid-ear to the throat.

A

Auditory/Eustachian Tube

45
Q

The function of the Inner Ear.

A

Where the process begins in hearing and balance control.

46
Q

What does the Cochlea do?

A

Helps with equilibrium and aides in hearing

47
Q

Other 2 things that aid in only equilibrium.

A

Semicircular canal and vestibules.

48
Q

Muscles that rotate the eye up and medially.

A

Superior Rectus

49
Q

Muscles that rotate the eye down and medially.

A

Inferior Rectus

50
Q

Rotates eye medially and laterally.

A

Medial Rectus

51
Q

You’re being chased by a lion! Which ANS response is activated and how does it affect your pupils?

A

Sympathetic, pupils will dilate.

52
Q

Which ANS response will cause pupils to constrict?

A

Parasympathetic

53
Q

What color is the retina?

A

Yellow

54
Q

Produces sharp vision

A

Fovea centralis

55
Q

Blind spot in the eye

A

Optic Disk

56
Q

Gel that holds the retina in place against choroid coat.

A

Vitreous Humor

57
Q

Innermost Tunic of the eye

A

Retina

58
Q

Middle layer tunic of the eye

A

Vascular Tunic, contains choroid, ciliary body, and iris

59
Q

Outermost layer tunic of the eye

A

Fibrous Tunic, cornea and sclera

60
Q

Describe photoreceptors with rods.

A

Colorless, long/thin, mores sensitive than cones, vision in dim

61
Q

Describe photoreceptors with cones

A

Receptors that see color, short/blunt, vision in bright, sharp image.

BIO 139 (3 decks)

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