Ch 12 - Burn Rehabilitation Flashcards
What is the #1 cause of accidental deaths in children <2 yo?
Burns
Majority result of abuse
Describe burns in relation to accidental death and age.
#1 <2 yo #2 <3 yo #3 <19 yo
What Inflammatory mediators released upon thermal injury?
Histamine
Prostaglandins
Thromboxane
Catecholamines (Epi, NE)
Describe a 1st degree burn.
Injury to outer layer of the epidermis
No injury to the dermis
Erythema but no blistering
Describe a 2nd degree burn.
Injury to full epidermis + superficial layer of the dermis but basal layer of the dermis remains
Blistering
Describe a 3rd degree burn.
Injury to full epidermis + most of dermis
White eschar due to compromised blood flow
Describe a 4th degree burn.
Destruction of all skin layers + subdermal tissue injury to fat/connective tissue, muscle, nerve, and bone
Describe a Superficial partial thickness.
Epidermis and upper third of dermis injured
Describe a Deep partial thickness.
Epidermis and most of dermis injured
Describe a Full thickness.
All layers destroyed
Describe the rule of 9’s.
– Head = 9% BSA – Each UE = 9% BSA – Each LE= 18% BSA – Ant trunk = 18% BSA – Post trunk = 18% BSA – Perineum = 1% BSA
When should burn patient’s be hospitalized?
Most moderate and all major burns
What is the Parkland formula?
4 mL/kg body weight divided by % BSA burned = 1/2 of the total calculated fluid requirement should be given in the first 8 hours.
Remaining amount over next 16 hours
What vaccine should be given to burn patients?
Tetanus toxoid
Describe a Full thickness skin graft.
Utilizes all layers of epidermis and dermis
Will not contract as it matures