Ch 12 Flashcards
What is the building code definition of a high rise
75ft or more
What is the fire department definition of a high rise
Beyond affective reach of fire equipment at street level
What are the 2 developments that made high rise buildings possible
Steel construction
Elevators
What is the most obvious feature of a high rise
Building height
Buildings exceeding how many stories are common place
60
The earliest high ride buildings had how many stories
10-12
What did the first building codes require to be enclosed
Stairs
Elevators
What are modern buildings constructed without
Operable windows
What type of construction do high ride buildings use
Fire resistant
How long is the fire rating for the structural frame
2 or 3
How long is the fire rating for floors
2 hrs
Reinforced concrete uses what type of floors
Concrete slab
What type of floors do steel frame buildings use
Structural concrete over corrugated steel
What type of construction provides a high degree of structural strength
Fire resistant
How was fire protection provided in early high rises
Standpipe
What is a crutial aspect of fire protection in a high rise
Standpipes
Where are standpipe risers and hose valves located
Stairwells
What is one unavoidable problem with sprinkler systems
Variation of pressure
What NFPA mandates the use of pressure reducing valves
14
Sprinklers and stand pipes are supplied by
Fire pumps
Where are fire pumps located
Basement
What is required in seismic zones
On site water supply
What is usually the onsite water water supply
Tank
How are voice alarm systems activated
Automatically
How are voice evacuation systems zoned
But floor
What is a unique alarm feature in a high rise
2 way communication
What system is required by state or local code
Mechanical smoke removal
Where do code not require smoke to be removed from
Floor of origin
Above how many feet do codes require smoke proof exit enclosures
75
What approach vents the fire floor and pressurizes the floors above and below the fire
Pressure sandwich
Where is the fire command center typically located
1st floor
What is the fire rating for the command center
1 hr
What floor plans are hotels and office building designed with
Central core
What shafts are required to be enclosed
Vertical
What are HVAC systems in high rise designed to manage
Products of combustion
What is required when hoistway and elevator rooms are protected by sprinklers
Shunt trip
Only consider using elevators if the fire is above what floor
5
Above how many vertical feet is recall mandatory in all passenger elevators
Above 25
What type of elevators are not required to have recall
Freight
What is phase 1 designed to do
Protect the life of civilians
What elevators are required to have phase 2 operation
New
What prevents the door from closing if a person or smoke is in the doorway
Electric eye
What phase is the electric eye disabled
Phase 2
Where are the car controls only operable from
The car
How many emergency exits should there be in upper floors
2 per side
What direction is the primary access for underground buildings
Horizontal
What is the greatest single challenge of controlling underground fires
Smoke and heat ventilation
What type of sprinklers are required for underground buildings
Automatic
What is the most significant advantage of membrane structures
Large interior space
How many types of structures use membranes to form the shape
2
What are air inflated structures used for
Shops
Weather protection
Air inflated structures are limited to how many stories
1
What structures are used more commonly that air inflated structures
Membrane
Where are FD hose outlets required in malls
Stairs
Entrance
Passageways
Shopping malls are typically how many stories
1-3
What is an advantage of covered malls
Exercise or shop in comfortable environment
Shopping malls are mainly what type of construction
Type 2 or 5
Current codes do not allow malls to be made out of
Wood
Current codes require malls to have what amount of sprinklers
Full
How long is the fire resistant separation between stores
1 hr
What malls are not required to have smoke control systems
1 story
Above how many stories are smoke control systems required in malls
3
What type of sprinkler system do newer correctional facilities have
Automatic
What do fire protection and life safety vary depending on in detention centers and correctional facilities
Level of restraint
Automatic sprinkler system address what concept
Shelter in place
What is the design of institutional sprinklers
Low profile
Tamper resistant
How many compartments are located on each floor with shelter in place
1 or more
How many floors do atriums extend through
2 or more
What are atriums popular design features
Ventilation
Light
What type of sprinklers do atriums have
Automatic
Atriums have fire rated construction for how many hrs
1
Codes eliminate fire ratings for atriums with how many stories or more
3
Where is the exhaust capacity calibrated
Height Above the highest walking level
Above how many feet are sprinkler systems waived for atriums
55
What type of pressure is created by an explosion
Outward
What is the outward pressure referred to as
Blast wave
What occupancies are structural designs made to reduce the damage from an explosion
Flammible liquids
Combustible dusts
How can structural damage from an explosion be mitigated
Containment
Venting
What is the max pressure from and explosion
10xs the atmospheric
What is used to quickly relieve the pressure from an explosion
Explosion vents
How are vent closures designed to operate
Low internal pressure as possible
Explosion vents should not weigh more than how many lbs
3
What material is used for explosion vents
Corrugated steel
When is the path of pressure determined
Preincident walk through
What is the area of refuge designed to accommodate
1 or 2 wheelchairs
What type of sprinklers and standpipe risers do area of refuge use
Automatic
What are logical areas for areas of refuge
Elevator lobbies
Exit stair landings
What communication system is required for areas of refuge
2 way
What is the smoke barrier rating for areas of refuge
1 hr
How are racks usually arranged
Back to back
What type of rows are back to back racks
Double
Racks are usually wider than how many feet
12
Isles are usually narrower than how many ft
3.5
What is the height range for storage racks
12 to over 100ft
What are the 2 modes new ceiling sprinklers operate in
Control
Suppression
What phase is the emergency stop button active
2
What does horizontal fire extension depend on
Partitions that subdivide the floor
Limited access buildings have what kind of sprinklers
Full
How wide are mall walkways
Min of 20
What NFPA is for valves
14
What phase is the emergency stop button inoperable
1
What does the membrane weigh that is used on air supported buildings
Only a few oz per sq ft
What explosion produces no chemical reaction
Boiler
What does the damage to a building from an explosion depend on
Pressure
Rise
Duration
Who long is the fire rating between a day care and restuarant
2 hrs
What phase is the electric eye disabled
2
What is a large well known perimeter store
Anchor store
What roof has a degree of slope similar to a Gable roof
Hip
What are elevator cables made out of
Flat Polyethylene coated steel belts
What hoistways are not required to be enclosed
Atrium
