Ch. 12

Question 1

Any pattern of emotions, behaviors, or thoughts inappropriate to the situation and leading to personal distress or the inability to achieve important goals

Answer 1

Psychopathology

Question 2

What are 3 classic signs that suggest severe psychological disorder?

Answer 2

1. Hallucinations
2. Delusions
3. Affective disturbances

Question 3

The most widely used system for classifying mental disorders, organizes psychological disorders by their mental and behavioral symptoms

Answer 3

DSM-5

Question 4

Form of depression that does not alternate with mania; most prevalent form of disability around the world

Answer 4

Major Depressive Disorder

Question 5

Used to be seasonal affective disorder, believed to be caused by a lack of sunlight

Answer 5

Major Depressive Disorder with Seasonal Pattern

Question 6

A disorder involving swings of mood from mania to depression

Answer 6

Bipolar disorder

Question 7

Excessive elation or excitement

Answer 7

Mania

Question 8

Sadness or despair

Answer 8

Depression

Question 9

Excessive fear of anxiety concerning separation from home or attachment figures

Answer 9

Separation Anxiety Disorder

Question 10

Persistent and pervasive feelings of anxiety, without any known external cause

Answer 10

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 11

Marked by panic attacks that have no obvious connection to events in a person’s present experience

Answer 11

Panic Disorder

Question 12

Disorder involving a pathological fear of a specific object or situation

Answer 12

Phobias

Question 13

Patterns of persistent, unwanted thoughts and behaviors

Answer 13

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Question 14

Paralysis, muscle weakness, or loss of sensation, but with no discernible physical cause

Answer 14

Conversion Disorder

Question 15

Excessive concern about health and disease without physical symptoms

Answer 15

Illness Anxiety Disorder

Question 16

Excessive concern about health and disease with physical symptoms

Answer 16

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Question 17

Group of pathologies involving “fragmentation” of the personality, in which some parts of the personality become detached from other parts

Answer 17

Dissociative Disorders

Question 18

Severe psychopathology, distortions in thoughts, perceptions, emotions; more common in men than women

Answer 18

Schizophrenia

Question 19

What are possible causes of schizophrenia?

Answer 19

Fundamentally a brain disorder; genetic factors place the individual at risk, but environmental stress factors transform this potential into an actual schizophrenic disorder

Question 20

Spectrum of presentations, impairment in social interaction, repetitive patterns of behavior or interests, causes impairment in functioning

Answer 20

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 21

A reading disability, thought by some experts to involve a brain disorder

Answer 21

Dyslexia

Question 22

Disorder involving short attention span, distractibility and difficulty concentrating, poor impulse control, and excessive activity

Answer 22

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Question 23

Chronic patterns of poor judgement, disordered thinking, emotional disturbances, disrupted social relationships, or lack of impulse control

Answer 23

Personality Disorders

Question 24

Exaggerated sense of self-importance, need for constant attention or admiration, or preoccupation with fantasies of success or power

Answer 24

Narcissistic

Question 25

Lack of conscience or a sense of responsibility to others

Answer 25

Antisocial

Question 26

Instability and impulsivity; unpredictable moods and stormy personal relationships; little tolerance for frustration

Answer 26

Borderline

Question 27

Results from labeling; depriving people of their identity and treating them as objects rather than as individuals; can reinforce disordered behaviors

Answer 27

Depersonalization

Question 28

A perspective on mental disorders that emphasizes social and cultural context

Answer 28

Ecological View