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AP Euro Chapter 11/12 > Ch. 12 > Flashcards

Ch. 12 Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
0
Q

Plain Architecture

A

Focus on message || Rembrandt van Rijm

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1
Q

Baroque architecture

A

Extravagant, impressive, showed power || Peter Paul Rubens

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2
Q

Politiques and examples

A

Religious unity

  • Elizabeth I
  • Henry IV
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3
Q

Non examples of Politiques

A
  • Mary I
  • Philip II
  • Oliver Cromwell
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4
Q

Factors that led to Protestant persecution in France

A
  • King Francis I captured
  • Affair of the Placards
  • Edict of Fontainebleau
  • Edict of Chateaubriand
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5
Q

Competing families in France after the death of Henry II

A
  • Bourbons
  • Montmorency
  • Guise
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6
Q

Characteristics and facts about French Protestants

A
  • Huegenotes
  • .15%
  • Aristocracy
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7
Q

What started the French Wars of Religion?

A

1562; Massacre at Vassy

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8
Q

Effects of St. Germain-en-Laye

A

Protestants had control over the monarchy

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9
Q

Facts about St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

A 
August 24, 1572
•3,000 Protestant leaders killed
•20-30,000 likewise murdered 
•Backfired on Catholics
•Gained sympathy for Protestants in France
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10
Q

Facts about Henry IV of France

A

First Protestant monarch
“Paris is worth a mass”
Catholicism = religion of France
Protestants have rights

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11
Q

Facts about the Edict of Nantes

A 
Declared Catholicism
Henry IV
Religious compromise
Criticized creating state in state 
Protestants granted freedoms
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12
Q

Preconditions of the Thirty Years War

A

Decentralized HRE
Religious division
Calvinism and the Palatinate
Maximilian of Bavaria

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13
Q

Climax of the Spanish/English hostilities

A

1558; Defeat of the Spanish Armada

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14
Q

Things that led to the conflict with Spain

A 
1567; the Spanish Netherlands
1570; Elizabeth "excommunicated"
1572; English Pirating 
1572; St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
1585; Treaty of Nonsuch
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15
Q

Characteristics of Philip II

A

Reclusive
Managed kingdom with pen and paper
Pious, devoted Catholic
Knew personal sorrows

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16
Q

Condition of the Spanish economy

A

Lack of goods and supplies and goods, inflation

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17
Q

The Compromise

A

1564; Philip II tried to encore decrees of Council of Trent

Led to pledge to resist the decrees of The Council of Trent

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18
Q

Philip II reign policy and action during 1st half of reign

A

Focused on Mediterranean, defeat Ottoman Empire

2nd half; western conflicts

19
Q

Perpetual Edict of 1577

A

Withdrew Spanish forces from Netherlands

20
Q

Major area of resistance that prevented Spanish world empire

A

Netherlands

21
Q

Successors of Edward VI

A

Jane Seymour, Mary I

22
Q

Mary I and her reign

A

Repeals Protestant acts
“Marian Persecutions” 287 killed
“Marian Exiles”
Married to Philip II

23
Q

John Knox

A

Marian Exile, founder of Presbyterian Protestantism in Scotland

24
Q

Religious extremists who threatened the reign of Elizabeth I

A

Jesuits
Spain
Mary Queen of Scots
Puritans

25
Q

Facts about the Elizabeth Settlement

A 
Compromise between Protestants and Catholics 
Protestants get message 
Catholics get physical characteristics 
Politique
"Good Queen Bess"
26
Q

Thirty-Nine Articles

A

Moderate Protestantism = Church of England

27
Q

Puritans, Presbyterians, & Congregationalists

A

England’s version wasn’t real, Presbyterians = semi autonomous congregations,
Congregationalists = complete autonomy

28
Q

Conventicle Act

A

Any religious separatists weren’t allowed in England

29
Q

Reasons why Pope Sixtus V supported Spain against England

A

He wanted to restore England to Catholicism, but he didn’t trust Philip II

30
Q

Significance of the defeat of the Spanish Armada

A

Began the end of power in Spain, huge Protestant win

31
Q

Key players in the French Wars of Religion

A

Charles IX
January Edict (1562)
Massacre at Vassy

32
Q

“Ecclesiastical Reservation”

A

Can’t take lands and change their religion

33
Q

Phases if the Thirty Years’ War

A

Bohemian, Danish, Swedish, Swedish French

34
Q

The Defenestration of Prague

A

1618; equal to Massacre at Vassy, first violent act

35
Q

Political situation of Germany in the 16th century

A

The HRE was a mess

36
Q

Significance of Bavaria during the Thirty Years’ War

A

It was a major Catholic power

37
Q

Place of outbreak of the Thirty Years’ War

A

Bohemia

38
Q

Importance of Germany for merchants and traders

A

It was their “highway”

39
Q

Peace of Prague

A

Brought Swedish period to an end

40
Q

Depopulation in Germany because of the Thirty Years’ War

A

1/3 killed

41
Q

Battle of Breitenfeld

A

Protestant Swedish victory

42
Q

Facts about the Treaty of Westphalia

A 
1648
Written in French
Reaffirmed Peace of Ausburg 
Calvinism granted legal recognition
Switzerland and Netherlands = independent 
Austria and Prussia = most powerful
43
Q

Actions of Ferdinand, King of Bavaria

A

Revoked freedoms of Bohemian Protestants

44
Q

Reasons for beginning the Thirty Years’ War

A

Protestant nobility revolt against an unpopular king

45
Q

Edict of Testitution

A

1629; Catholic safeguards restored
Territory that was Catholic before 1522 has to go back to them
Red flag, Catholics trying to dominate

46
Q

Defense alliance of Palatinate Calvinists- ?

A

John George of Saxony, Maximilian of Bavaria, Ferdinand

AP Euro Chapter 11/12 (2 decks)

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