CH 12 Flashcards
Differentiate cross-sectional, longitudinal and sequential designs.
CS: compare people of different ages at the same point in time
LG: repeatedly tests same cohort as they grow older.
SQ: repeatedly test several age cohorts as they all grow older.
How many days in prenatal period?
266
What is a fertilized egg called?
Zygote
The embryonic stage occurs when after conception?
End of second week through the eighth.
When does the embryo become a fetus?
At the ninth week after conception; fetal stage.
What is the TDF gene?
Testis determining factor, within the Y chromosome, which triggers male sexual development.
What are Teratogens?
Environmental agents that cause abnormal prenatal development.
What abnormalities are involved in FAS?
Facial abnormalities, small malformed brains, intellectual disability, attentional and perceptual deficits, impulsivity, and poor social skills.
What are schemas?
Organized patterns of thought and action that arise with cognitive development; internal frameworks
Two key processes of schema development?
Assimilation: new experiences are incorporated into existing schemas
Accommodation: new experiences cause existing schemas to change or new ones to be created
Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete operational
Formal operational
What develops in the sensorimotor stage?
Infant gains understanding of world through sensory and motor experiences. Achieves object permanence.
What develops in the preoperational stage?
Emergence of symbolic thought. Child uses words and images to represent objects and experiences. Pretend play. Thinking displays egocentrism, irreversibility and centration.
What develops in the concrete operational stage?
Child can think logically about concrete events, grasps concepts of conservation and serial ordering.
What develops in the formal operational stage?
Adolescent can think more logically abstractly and flexibly. Conform, hypotheses and test them systematically.