ch 11 Flashcards
What is the primary goal of designing and implementing Information Systems (IS)?
To create stable, robust, and secure technology that meets business needs
What are the advantages and disadvantages of custom software development versus off-the-shelf products?
- Custom Software: Unique tailoring, flexibility, and control, but requires higher cost and time investment.
- Off-the-Shelf Software: Faster rollout, knowledge infusion, cost efficiency, and high quality but may lack customization.
What are the three main approaches to Information System development?
- Custom Design & Development: Software is created specifically for an organization’s unique needs.
- System Selection & Acquisition: Purchasing and implementing a vendor-developed software solution.
- End-User Development: Users develop their own applications rather than relying on IT professionals.
What are the key advantages of custom software development?
- Unique tailoring to fit business needs.
- Greater flexibility and control over the software.
What are the key advantages of purchasing software from a vendor?
- Faster implementation.
- Knowledge infusion from vendor expertise.
- Cost efficiency due to economies of scale.
- Higher quality through extensive testing.
What are the major phases of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
- Definition Phase (Investigation, Feasibility Analysis, System Analysis).
- Build Phase (System Design, Programming, Testing).
- Implementation Phase (Installation, Operations, Maintenance).
What are the three steps in the Definition Phase of SDLC?
- Investigation: Identify business problems the system will address.
- Feasibility Analysis: Evaluate technical, operational, and financial feasibility.
- System Analysis: Define system requirements and document them.
What are the three steps in the Build Phase of SDLC?
- System Design: Create system structure, hardware, and software framework.
- Programming: Translate design into executable code.
- Testing: Conduct alpha and beta tests before release.
What are the three steps in the Implementation Phase of SDLC?
- Installation: Deploy software and migrate data.
- Operations: Ensure smooth system functionality.
- Maintenance: Fix bugs and enhance system functionality.
What are the four migration approaches for system implementation?
see slide 14
- Parallel
- Direct
- Phased
- Pilot
What is Agile Development?
A flexible, iterative approach that focuses on adaptability, teamwork, and customer involvement.
What is the difference between Agile and Waterfall methodologies?
Waterfall: Emphasizes planning and sequential development.
Agile: Prioritizes adaptability, quick iterations, and continuous user feedback.
What are the key characteristics of Agile Development?
Speed and adaptability.
Small cross-functional teams with a customer representative.
Frequent testing at every phase.
Work broken into manageable components.
What is Outsourced Development?
Hiring external firms to develop custom-designed software solutions, either partially or fully.
What is the process for selecting and purchasing off-the-shelf software?
- Definition Phase: Identify system requirements and evaluation criteria, shortlist vendors, and send out RFPs.
- Build Phase: Install, configure, and customize as needed.
- Implementation Phase: Deploy software, train users, and manage changes.
What are the key considerations in the system selection process?
Essential vs. value-adding features.
Vendor reputation and product reliability.
Cost, customization options, and implementation support.
How does end-user development impact modern organizations?
Allows users to create applications tailored to their needs.
Reduces dependence on IT professionals.
Can introduce risks like security vulnerabilities and lack of scalability.
