Ch 11-13 (PSY 101)

Question 1

a way to promote wellness

Answer 1

get enough sleep

Question 2

not a guideline for preventing suicide

Answer 2

give a person advice even if they don’t ask for it

Question 3

meditation does not accomplish

Answer 3

reduced need for sleep

Question 4

acculturative stress is lowest for people who choose

Answer 4

integration

Question 5

not suggested by vaughn to promote positive, optimistic mood

Answer 5

using a scapegoat

Question 6

appraising stressor as a challenge rather than a threat results in

Answer 6

less stress

Question 7

Selye’s stage with death as a possible outcome

Answer 7

exhaustion

Question 8

make a choice among several goals each with goos and bad points

Answer 8

multiple approach avoidance conflict

Question 9

“rock and a hard place”
“out of the frying pan and into the fire”
are what type of conflicts

Answer 9

avoidance-avoidance

Question 10

decide between 2 favorite desserts

Answer 10

approach-approach conflict

Question 11

reformulated the frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 11

Berkowitz

Question 12

not a source of stress

Answer 12

predictability

Question 13

according to Ellis, ___would be more stressed shopping and experiencing bad weather

Answer 13

elderly

Question 14

researches found that ___ of daily hassles was a far better predictor of headaches than were scores on a life events scale

Answer 14

perceived severity

Question 15

unpredictable, large scale events that create a great deal of stress and feelings of threat are called

Answer 15

catastrophes

Question 16

how do today’s researchers differ from Selye in their view of eustress

Answer 16

they believe that a certain level of eustress is necessary to promote health

Question 17

which of the following s a cognitive symptom of stress

Answer 17

memory problems

Question 18

studies have found the degree of conformity to be greater in ___ cultures

Answer 18

collectivistic

Question 19

to prevent group think, members of a group should do all but which of the following

Answer 19

discourage questions and alternate solutions

Question 20

some researchers believe that milgram’s results were a form of the __ technique of persuasion

Answer 20

foot in the door

Question 21

the public service messages encourage parents to sit down with their children and talk frankly about drugs are prompting which method of attitude formation

Answer 21

direct instruction

Question 22

researchers have found that a __degree of fear in a message makes it more effective, particularly when it is combined with

Answer 22

• moderate

- information about how to prevent fearful consequences

Question 23

which of the following is not one of the three things people do to reduce cognitive dissonance

Answer 23

ignore the conflict

change their behavior and attitude and form a new behavior

Question 24

sets of assumptions that people have about different types of people, personality traits, and actions are all related to each other are called

Answer 24

implicit personality theories

Question 25

if behavior is assumed to be caused by internal personality characteristics, this is known as

Answer 25

a dispositional cause

Question 26

the people with whom a person identifies most strongly are called the

Answer 26

in group

Question 27

the ___ explanation of prejudice assumes that the same processes that help form other attitudes form prejudiced attitudes

Answer 27

social cognitive

Question 28

the self fulfilling prophecy is a negative outcome of

Answer 28

stereotype vulnerability

Question 29

the “robbers cave” experiment showed the value of ___ in combating prejudice

Answer 29

equal status contract

Question 30

according to sternberg, married (committed) people who also have intamacy and passion are in the form of love called

Answer 30

consummate love

Question 31

the concept of aggression as a basic human instinct driving people to destructive acts was part of early __ theory

Answer 31

psychoanalytical

Question 32

the neurotransmitter that seems most involved in aggression

Answer 32

testosterone

Question 33

violent videogames have not been blamed for

Answer 33

increased levels of altruism in children

Question 34

to which 2 processes do most social psychologists attribute the failure of Kitty Genovese’s neighbors to help her

Answer 34

bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility

Question 35

cries for help, shouting, and loud noises all help with which step in the decision process for helping

Answer 35

defining on emergency

Question 36

cults do not use ___to gain new members

Answer 36

talking with parents of the new recruit

Question 37

which of the following is based on the 5 factor model

Answer 37

NEO-PI

Question 38

which of the following is not a type of behavioral assessment

Answer 38

thematic apperception test

Question 39

which type of assessment would have the least problem with reliability

Answer 39

personality inventory

Question 40

the Rorschach test has people

Answer 40

look at ambiguous visual stimuli and tell what they think it is

Question 41

if a client is having trouble talking about what is bothering him, a psychoanalyst might turn to a(n) ___ to probe the client’s unconscious conflicts

Answer 41

projective test

Question 42

according to Hofstede, cultures that have many strict rules and laws with lots of security and safety measures and that tend to hold only one philosophical or religious belief are high in

Answer 42

uncertainty avoidance

Question 43

the study of inherited portions of personality is called

Answer 43

behavioral genetics

Question 44

the five factor model of personality traits does not include

Answer 44

self sufficiency

Question 45

how many source traits did cattell use in developing his personality inventory

Answer 45

16

Question 46

which of the following viewpoints has different goals from the other 3

Answer 46

trait theory

psychoanalytic, behaviorism, humanism

Question 47

according to Rogers, anxiety and neurotic behavior result from

Answer 47

a mismatch between real and ideal self

Question 48

striving for fulfillment of one’s potential

Answer 48

self actualization

Question 49

unlike the psychodynamic view, the social cognitive view of personality

Answer 49

has been scientifically tested

Question 50

for Bandura, one of the most important person variables in determining personality

Answer 50

self efficacy

Question 51

to explain a person’s personality, behaviorists would look to

Answer 51

the early experiences of rewards and punishments for certain behavior

Question 52

research has begun to show some support for which of Freud’s concepts

Answer 52

the concept of unconscious mind

Question 53

according to Adler middle children tend to be

Answer 53

competitive

Question 54

Freud’s emphasis on sex and sexual development was mostly due to

Answer 54

the culture within which he and his patients existed at the time

Question 55

which of the following is the definition of personality

Answer 55

the unique way an individual thinks, feels and acts

Question 56

the __ develops in the __ stage as a result of identification

Answer 56

superego

phallic

Question 57

which structure of the personality, according to Freud, works on the reality principle?

Answer 57

ego

Question 58

which of Freud’s parts of the personality is the most like short-term memory

Answer 58

conscious