Ch. 11-13 Final Exam

Question 1

Puberty is a series of synchronized, interconnected changes. These biological changes are regulated by:

Answer 1

Hormones

Question 2

Which of the following Adolescents is most likely to reach his or her maximum height at the earliest age:

Answer 2

Selena, a Latina girl

Question 3

Which of the following teens is most likely to experience popularity among peers as a result of his or her age of maturation:

Answer 3

Colby is maturing earlier than many of his peers

Question 4

What aspect of brain development contributes to adolescents’ risk-taking, reward-seeking behaviors?

Answer 4

Rapid development of the limbic system

Question 5

Caitlin is a typical adolescent. She just learned that her dad is being transferred to another city far from Caitlin’s current friends and familiar surroundings. Caitlin is very emotional about the news, cried uncontrollably and runs off to a friend’s house during the night. Her older sister seems relatively unaffected by the news. From a developmental perspective, what might explain the differences?

Answer 5

During adolescence, the prefrontal lobe is developing more slowly than the emotion center in the brain

Question 6

Who is at greater risk of unintended pregnancy the first time they have sexual relations?

Answer 6

Adolescents who take a virginity pledge

Question 7

Mrs. Gibbs cannot seem to catch up with the eating habits of her 14 year old daughter, Zondra, and 16 year old son, Austin. Her weekly grocery shopping is never enough to keep the pantry stocked. What is the recommended calorie intake for her two adolescents?

Answer 7

2200 calories per day for Zondra and 3000 per day for Austin *

Question 8

Morrison makes an effective accomodation for Caleb, who has attention deficit-hyperactive disorder (ADHD) when he:

Answer 8

provides both written and oral step-by-step directions for completing the geometry assignment.

Question 9

Which one of the following aspects of life is most likely influences more by parents than by peers of an adolescent

Answer 9

Career choice

Question 10

Mr. Morrison is a dad who often tells his teenage daughter to do as she is told, and he uses the phrase, “Because I said so.” What parenting style is he most likely practicing?

Answer 10

authoritarian

Question 11

When students are asked what makes a good teacher, they most often say good teachers are:

Answer 11

caring, organized, and good motivators.

Question 12

Many studies have been conducted to determine the effects of computer usage on learning. Does computer use support academic learning?

Answer 12

Using computer tutorial programs appears to improve achievement test scores for K-12 students.

Question 13

Discuss three key ways in which adolescents’ thinking or cognitive development changes compares to their middle childhood year?

Answer 13

Uses complex thinking to focus on less self-centered concepts and personal decision-making. Has increased thoughts about more global concepts, such as justice, history, politics, and patriotism. Often develops idealistic views on specific topics or concerns.

Question 14

Adrienne’s mom has noticed a pattern developing. When Adrienne seems very tense, she eats enormous amounts of sweets after school-cake and ice cream, cookies, and sweet and salty sweets. At such times, Adrienne’s eating is out of control. What might the mother conclude about Adrienne’s behavior?

Answer 14

She has a binge eating disorder

Question 15

Miguel and his twin brother do not get the recommended amount of sleep for tenth graders. They have super busy schedules. What would you recommend to help them deal with their schedules?

Answer 15

Maintain regular sleep/wake times

Question 16

During adolescence, several neurobiological changes take place that influence a young person’s behavior. For example, the axons in the frontal lobe continue to be myelinated. Describe neurobiological changes and how they affect adolescent behavior.

Answer 16

Adolescents have higher chances of participating or initiating risk-taking or reward-seeking behavior because of the rapid growth of the limbic system that is responsible for controlling responses to pleasure and emotional stimulation. This is increased so much because their prefrontal lobe develops slowly, and it influences judgment, decision making, and inhibiting impulsivity.

Question 17

A group of academically advanced high school student leaders participated in an online discussion aimed at generating ideas to solve the water shortage problems in Africa. Which characterizes their discussion?

Answer 17

They synthesized the ideas presented by others

Question 18

Piaget postulated that adolescents reach the stage of ________ during adolescence.

Answer 18

Formal Operations

Question 19

Manuel recently moved to Iowa and observed that most of the farmers in the state grow corn. When he learned that the Smith family had a farm, he presumed they were corn farmers. What kind of reasoning was Manuel using?

Answer 19

Inductive Reasoning

Question 20

Ms. Leverett has adopted a new approach for teaching students to develop persuasive arguments. She models the process, coaches students as they practice, pairs students to explain their thinking, receive feedback, and reflect on new learning. Then she assigns the complex topics for debate. Her process demonstrates one application of Vygotsky’s principles. It is an example of:

Answer 20

a cognitive apprenticeship

Question 21

Sasha wants to impress her family by going into the family business. She goes to college for what will make her better at the business. She is in what identity status?

Answer 21

Identity foreclosure

Question 22

Jerome is 14 years old. He comes home with a good report card. His mom hears him say “I’m so stupid. I can’t believe I blurted out the wrong answer.” What should his mother think about his self description?

Answer 22

Jerome has a normal differentiated self-concept

Question 23

Which adolescent is most likely to report low self-esteem?

Answer 23

Carrington wants to make good grades, but feels incapable of academic success

Question 24

Adolescents tend to feel self conscious about many aspects of their lives, but one aspect is considered to be the predictor of overall self-worth. Which has the highest rate of self worth?

Answer 24

Carson thinks his physical appearance is better than any other guys

Question 25

Adolescence is the period of the lifespan with the:

Answer 25

highest rates of risky behaviors.

Question 26

Jamel is an African American adolescent who has experienced discrimination at his high school. He is in the minority at school and feels that teachers are unfair in helping White kids more than Black kids. White kids make derogatory comments about his ancestry. His mom and his brother didn’t do well in school, and they don’t expect him to excel either. Jamel decided as a young adolescent that he didn’t even want to try at school; he doesn’t want to be like those White kids. Jamel’s attitude is an example of:

Answer 26

Oppositional identity

Question 27

What advice should we give to young adolescents about engaging in social network sites on the internet?

Answer 27

They should be careful about what photos they post online because it can come back years later and damage their reputation and career.

Question 28

When Dewain and some of the guys got together on Friday night after a football game, several of them talked about wanting to spray paint over speed limit signs. They wanted Dewain and his best friend to be part of their group. They even offered them cigs. This is an example of:

Answer 28

deviancy training

Question 29

Taylor is a typical adolescent in that he is constantly fighting with his parents about his:

Answer 29

curfew time on the weekends

Question 30

Adolescents raised by authoritative parents are more likely to:

Answer 30

be socially and emotionally well-adjusted

Question 31

Mr. and Mrs. Wright had a positive relationship with their daughter during her childhood. What is most likely to happen to their relationship during the daughter’s adolescence?

Answer 31

They will probably continue to have a good relationship with their daughter during adolescence

Question 32

Danielle is about to transition from middle school to high school. We can inform Danielle’s father that:

Answer 32

her transition is most likely to be positive and any disruption will probably be temporary

Question 33

Teachers should be concerned about Samantha, a tenth grade student who shows no connection to her high school. The real concern is that Samantha may:

Answer 33

engage in behaviors that increase health risks

Question 34

Tell me what you have learned about the physical changes that occur in early childhood middle childhood and adolescence.

Answer 34

1. rapid growth of prefrontal cortex, learn to grab/walk, head is biggest part of body
2. gross motor skills improve, slow and steady gain in height and weight
3. body image becomes a problem, sexually active, risk-taking behavior

Question 35

Tell me what you have learned about the cognitive changes that occur in early childhood middle childhood and adolescence.

Answer 35

1. emergent literacy, preoperational stage (conservation)
2. using context clues, organizing words in sentences, concrete operational stage
3. metacognition (thinking about thinking), fast info. processing, formal operational stage

Question 36

Tell me what you have learned about the emotional changes that occur in early childhood middle childhood and adolescence.

Answer 36

1. eager to please, self-regulation emerges, high self-esteem
2. differentiated self-esteem, growth in self-regulation, prosocial behavior increases
3. self-esteem tied to looks, bullying, and suicide, peer pressure