ch. 10- solutions, solubility, and concentration

Question 1

solution

Answer 1

a homogenous mix. with same concentration, color, density, and taste

Question 2

solute

Answer 2

substance being dissolved

Question 3

solvent

Answer 3

substance doing dissolving

Question 4

solution takes state of _______

Answer 4

solvent

Question 5

what are the 3 ways to speed up dissolving process

Answer 5

1. stirring
2. increase the surface area
3. and increase the temp.

Question 6

what is the purpose of the 3 methods (speeding dissolving)

Answer 6

to bring more solvent in contact with solute

Question 7

solubility

Answer 7

max. amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a temp.

Question 8

what are solutions described as

Answer 8

saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated

Question 9

saturated

Answer 9

contains as much solute the solvent can hold at a given temp.

Question 10

unsaturated

Answer 10

a solution that has less than the max. amount of solute that can be dissolved

Question 11

supersaturated

Answer 11

solution that contains more solute than can be held at a given temp.
- very unstable

Question 12

3 types of concentration:

Answer 12

% of volume,% of mass, and molarity

Question 13

% by volume

Answer 13

volume of solute/ volume of solution x 100%

ex. juice gives % of “real juice”

Question 14

% by mass

Answer 14

mass of solute/ mass of solution x 100%

- typically used when the solute is a solid

Question 15

molarity

Answer 15

moles of solute/ moles of solution

Question 16

concentrated

Answer 16

large amount of solute in solvent

Question 17

dilute

Answer 17

small amount of solute in solvent

Question 18

acid

Answer 18

compound thats produces hydronium ions (H3O+) when dissolved in water
properties: sour taste, reactive with metals, and ability to produce color changes in indicators

Question 19

base

Answer 19

a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water
properties: bitter taste, slippery feel, and ability to produce color changes in indicators

Question 20

pH scale:

Answer 20

x<3 = strong acid

3

Question 21

indicator

Answer 21

any substance that change color in the presence of an acid/base

Question 22

neutralization

Answer 22

reaction b/w acid and base

-produces a salt and water

Question 23

pH = measure of _____

Answer 23

hydronium ions

Question 24

strong acid/ weak acid

Answer 24

ionize almost completely/ slightly when dissolved in water

Question 25

strong base/ weak base

Answer 25

dissociate almost completely/slightly when dissolved in water

Question 26

in weak acids/ bases the equilibrium favors the ______

Answer 26

reactants over the products

Question 27

weak acids and bases can be used to make ______

Answer 27

buffers

Question 28

buffer

Answer 28

a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH

Question 29

concentration

Answer 29

amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent

Question 30

strength

Answer 30

refers to a solutes tendency to form ion in water (complete or incomplete)