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NUTRITION 101 > Ch 10: Nutrition Across The Life Span > Flashcards

Ch 10: Nutrition Across The Life Span Flashcards

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1
Q

TRUE/FALSE

A pregnant woman need to double her food intake for herself and the fetus.

A

FALSE

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2
Q

TRUE/FALSE

It’s okay to give cow milk to babies who are less than 1 year of age.

A

FALSE. The protein in cow milk may cause allergic reaction.

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3
Q

What is the daily protein intake recommendation for children ages 4-6?

A

Protein intake needs increase to 24g/day for children ages 4-6

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4
Q

TRUE/FALSE
The caregiver should insist infants to finish the food on their plate to teach good eating habits and not waste any food.

A

FALSE. The caregiver should respect the cues that infants may be full and infants should never be force-fed

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5
Q

TRUE/FALSE

There is sufficient amount of vitamin D in breastmilk that the infant does not need to take supplements.

A

FALSE.

Vitamin D supplement is recommended for breastfed infants

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6
Q

What does FAS stands for?

A

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

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7
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Toddlers may chock if they are too active while they are eating

A

TRUE

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8
Q

How much energy (kcal) should PREGNANT WOMAN (3rd Trimester) take a day?

A

2652 kcal a day

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9
Q

How much phosphorus intake is needed during pregnancy?

A

700mg of Phosphorus

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10
Q

How much folate should LACTATING MOTHERS should take a day?

A

500 mcg a day

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11
Q

TRUE/ FALSE

Most children do not need more than three meals a day.

A

FALSE

Most growing children in fact need more than three meals a day and this is where snacks come to play

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12
Q

How much folic acid should women of childbearing age who are capable of becoming pregnant intake a day?

A

400mg/day

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13
Q

How much protein intake should an infant have during the first 6 months?

A

2.2 g or protein per Infants Body Wt (kg) a day during first 6 months.

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14
Q

How are Omega-3 fatty acids beneficial to an infant?

A

Those fatty acids have been found to be essential for proper brain and nervous system development.

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15
Q

Give 10 benefits of breastfeeding

A
  1. Breastmilk is high in nutrients
  2. Provides immunological protection to the infant against many infection and diesel (especially respiratory and gastrointestinal)
  3. Reduces risk of food allergy
  4. Promotes oral motor development in infant
  5. It is convenient; and fresh
  6. Less expensive than milk formula
  7. May protect infant against some chronic diseases such as type 1 diabetes and child leukemia
  8. Promotes mother-infant bonding
  9. Facilitates uterine contractions and controls postpartum bleeding
  10. Promotes return to pre-pregnancy weight
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16
Q

What number is considered LBW or low birthweight?

A

Less than 5.5 lbs (2500 g) at birth

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17
Q

What are the symptoms of FAS or FASD?

A

FAS/FASD Symptoms include:

  1. central nervous systems defects
  2. Specific anatomic defects such as low nasal bridge, short nose, flat mid face, and short palpebral fissures (separation between the upper and lower eyelids)
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18
Q

Overweight BMI range?

A

25.0 - 29.9 kg/m2

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19
Q

Around what age puberty might occur for girls?

A

Around age 9

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20
Q

Only at what age reduced-fat milk and nonfat milk may be given to babies?

A

Only after age 2 years

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21
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Sweets should be forbidden to children as they don’t have dense nutrient content.

A

FALSE.

No food should be forbidden; FREQUENCY and QUANTITY should be the guides.

Control is what is important

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22
Q

Give 4 implications of how progesterone affect slower GI motility?

A
  1. Delayed gastric emptying
  2. Constipation
  3. Heartburn
  4. Increased nutrients (notably Ca + Fe)
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23
Q

TRUE/FALSE

In children (ages 1-3) consistency of mealtimes is important.

A

TRUE

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24
Q

At what range of age children starts to develop food jags?

A

Children ages 4-6 years old sometimes develop food jag, wanting to eat only a narrow range of foods

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25
Q

What is the energy requirements for children ages 4-6 years of age?

A

1800 kcal a day for children ages 4-6

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26
Q

What is the earliest range of age should be regulate portion sizes?

A

Children ages 1-3 we should regulate portion sizes and include variety of foods and snacks

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27
Q

A woman who excretes large amounts of protein during pregnancy may experience a more serious problem is called what?

A

Preeclampsia

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28
Q

What is prolactin?

A

Prolactin is a hormone responsible for milk synthesis?

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29
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Around ages 9 - 12 months, we should discourage infant from self-feeding because they are messy eaters.

A

FALSE. We should encourage self-feeding despite messy process

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30
Q

Maternal age is a concern for pregnant teens because of these 3 things. What are they?

A
  1. Psychological maturity
  2. Possible lack financial resources, causing a delay in medical care
  3. Nutrient intake is often poor
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31
Q

How much iron should LACTATING MOTHERS should take a day?

A

9 mg/day

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32
Q

What primary source of energy does the fetus prefer to use?

A

Glucose

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33
Q

What body reaction might occur if solid foods are introduced to infants too early (less than 4-6 months of age)?

A

If solid foods are introduced too early, the large protein molecules of the offending food may cross the intestinal barrier and ELICIT AN IMMUNOLOGIC RESPONSE in the infant.

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34
Q

What range of age in children clearly understand the time of meals and therefore save their appetite for those scheduled meals?

A

Ages 4-6 children clearly understand this time frame of meals and can save their appetite for meals

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35
Q

Why does the amount of Calcium intake before and during pregnancy does not change?

A

Because SLOWER GI MOTILITY meant increased nutrients absorption of Ca + Fe.

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36
Q

Energy and nutrient needs to increase during pregnancy EXCEPT these 7 micronutrients?

A
  1. Vitamin K
  2. Vitamin E
  3. Vitamin D
  4. Phosphorus
  5. Calcium
  6. Fluoride
  7. Biotin
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37
Q

About how many times should the mother breastfeed her baby per day during the first several weeks?

A

10-12 times a day over the first several weeks

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38
Q

What is the limit intake of fruit juice for infants?

A

No more than 4 to 6 fluid ounces

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39
Q

How much calcium intake is needed for PREGNANT ADULT WOMAN and PREGNANT ADOLESCENTS? (Answer in mg)

A

Pregnant ADULT woman = 1000mg Ca

Pregnant TEEN woman = 1300mg Ca

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40
Q

How should we approach food jags?

A

Parents and teachers can educate the child that each food co rains a different assortment of nutrients and offer substitute choices that contain additional nutrients, with the child making the final selections.

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41
Q

How does heavy lifting and strenuous exercise affect the new born infant?

A

Heavy lifting or strenuous exercise may increase risk of LBW (low birth weight) infants.

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42
Q

At what day interval should different solid foods be introduced to the child?

A

4 to 5 day interval so we know which food had caused an allergic reaction if there is any

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43
Q

Other than mother-infant bonding, give 2 advantages of breastfeeding.

A

Breastmilk provides:

1: high nutrient bioavailability
2. Resistance to infection

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44
Q

What is the recommended energy supply for children ages 1-3?

A

1300 kcal a day for ages 1-3

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45
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Poor weight gain may then lead to intrauterine growth retardation in the infant.

A

TRUE

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46
Q

About what month of age does the supply storage of iron in the liver of an infant run out?

A

4 months

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47
Q

How much serving of bread and cereal is recommended for children ages 1-3?

A

1/4 of adult serving of bread and cereal for children ages 1-3

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48
Q

How much vitamin D should PREGNANT WOMAN (3rd Trimester) take a day?

A

15 mcg per day

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49
Q

These symptoms below show a sign of what problem?

  1. central nervous systems defects
  2. Specific anatomic defects such as low nasal bridge, short nose, flat mid face, and short palpebral fissures (separation between the upper and lower eyelids)
A

FAS (Fetal alcohol syndrome)

FASD (fetal alcohol spectrum disorder)

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50
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Alcohol use should be LIMITED throughout pregnancy

A

FALSE

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51
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Flouride supplements are recommended for infants before age 6

A

FALSE. Fluoride supplements are not recommended before 6 months

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52
Q

What is the energy AI per day during lactation (while breastfeeding)?

A

1,800 kcal per day

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53
Q

How much Vitamin D ADULT WOMEN 19-50 years of age should take a day?

A

15 mcg of Vitamin D per day

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54
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Watching TV while consuming food causes excess intake and low-nutrient density food.

A

TRUE. Eating while watching TV is not recommended

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55
Q

What does the adrenal gland and the kidney secrete as they compensate for the sodium-losing mechanism from the increased GFR

A

By increasing:
Aldosterone from adrenal gland
Renin from the kidney

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56
Q

Why is excessive protein intake bad for the infant?

A

Because the infant kidney is immature and unable to handle the large renal solute of excess protein.

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57
Q

Recommended weight gain range during pregnancy for normal BMI?

A

25-35 lbs

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58
Q

How many times per day should meats or meats substitutes be offered to prevent iron deficiency anemia in children ages 1-3?

A

Children 1-3 years of age should consume meat twice a day

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59
Q 
TRUE/FALSE
In children (ages 1-3) Meals are best accepted when hunger, tiredness, and emotions are still controllable; an overly tired child just cannot eat.
A

TRue

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60
Q

What 4 things might happen to the infant if juice intake can excessive?

A
  1. Diarrhea
  2. Carb malabsorption
  3. Growth failure
  4. Obesity from excess calorie intake
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61
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Children ages 1-3, they should be introduced to lower-fat versions of commonly eaten foods.

A

TRUE

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62
Q

How much vitamin A ADULT WOMEN 19-50 years of age should take a day?

A

700 mcg a day

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63
Q

How many cups of milk per day can children ages 1 -3 have?

A

Only 2-3 cups of milk per day

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64
Q

How much protein intake is recommended for children ages 1-3?

A

16g of proteins a day for children 1-3 years old

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65
Q

What is the ideal amount of time a mother should breastfeed her baby?

A

12 months

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66
Q

Only at what age cow’s milk may be introduced to infants?

A

Only after 1 year of age, when at least 2/3 or energy needs are fulfilled by foods other than milk

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67
Q

Pica is an unusual behavior associated with iron deficiency. It is characterized by what?

A

Pics is characterized by a hunger and appetite for nonfood substances, including ice, cornstarch, and even dirt.

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68
Q

How much protein should LACTATING MOTHERS should take a day?

A

71 g a day

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69
Q

TRUE/FALSE

High sugar intake in children causes ADD/ADHD

A

False. Studies have shown no convincing evidence that consumption of sugar causes ADD/ADHD

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70
Q

About what age boys may reach puberty?

A

Boys may reach puberty in the EARLY TEENS

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71
Q

TRUE/FALSE
Recommended iron levels during pregnancy may be difficult to achieve with a normal diet hat maintains recommended fat and kcal guidelines.

A

True

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72
Q

How much vitamin D should LACTATING MOTHERS should take a day?

A

15 mcg/day

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73
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Fluoride supplement is recommended for infants younger than 6 months.

A

FASLE. Routine fluoride supplementation is NOT RECOMMENDED for infants younger than 6 months due to the sufficient supply of fluoride in most US tap water.

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74
Q

Why might an infant experience hypoglycemia right after birth?

A

Because the maternal source of glucose is no longer available, which is easily accessible through the placenta with high levels of glucose especially if the diabetes has been poorly controlled

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75
Q

How much Folic Acid should all women of child-bearing age take per day?

A

400 mg per day

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76
Q

For children ages 1 through 6, how many servings of fruits and veggies are recommended?

A

1 serving of fruits and veggies per year of child.

For example:
Age 1 needs 1 serving of fruits and veggies
Age 2 needs 2 serving of fruits and veggies
Age 3 needs 3 serving of fruits and veggies
Etc..

77
Q

How much iron should PREGNANT WOMAN (3rd Trimester) take a day?

A

30 mg a day

78
Q

How much iron intake a day is needed during pregnancy to prevent iron-deficiency anemia? (Answer in milligrams)

A

Iron intake = 30mg/day

79
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Children are influenced by adults and model their behavior.

A

TRUE. If we want our children to eat a certain type of food, we should do it first, then they will try to copy

80
Q

Tobacco use during pregnancy can cause these 7 things in infants. What are they?

A
  1. Premature birth
  2. Low birth weight
  3. SGA
  4. stillbirth
  5. Placenta previa
  6. Abruptio Placentae
  7. SIDS
81
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Infant’s fat intake should be restricted

A

FALSE

82
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Pregnant women need almost twice as much iron as nonpregnant women

A

TRUE

83
Q

How much protein intake a day is needed during pregnancy and lactation ? (Answer in grams)

A

71 g per day of protein

84
Q

What is the earliest range of age should we introduce lower-fat versions of commonly eaten foods?

A

Between ages 1-3, they should be introduced to lower-fat versions of commonly eaten foods.

Fat-containing food should not be obsessively restricted; however, high fat foods are often filling and may displace other nutrient-containing foods

85
Q

What is the limit for serving an infant fruit juice?

A

No more than 4-6 oz per day should be offered

86
Q

How much vitamin A should LACTATING MOTHERS should take a day?

A

1300 mcg/day

87
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Parents should restrict an infants’ fat intake.

A

FALSE

88
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Before 1 year of age, cow’s milk, regardless of fat content or form, should not be fed to infants

A

TRUE because the fat in cows milk is less digestible than the fat in breastmilk or formula

89
Q

There is an increased risk of the infant if the mother have preexisting DM acquiring hyperbilirubinemia. What is hyperbilirubinemia?

A

Hyperbilirubinemia is a neonatal condition in which high levels of bilirubin (red bile pigment) lead to jaundice, in which bile is deposited in tissues throughout the body.

90
Q

Normal BMI range?

A

18.5-24.9 kg/m2

91
Q

What is the minimum length of time a mother should breastfeed her baby?

A

6 months

92
Q

What is a teratogen?

A

Agent producing feral malformation or a defect e.g. some drugs, alcohol, tobacco

93
Q

Maternal age is a concern for women older than 35 years of age is because of these 2 things. What are they?

A
  1. Distinct specific nutrient needs, reflecting their longer medical history
  2. Gestational Diabetes
94
Q

How much protein should PREGNANT WOMAN (3rd Trimester) take a day?

A

71g per day

95
Q

How much folic acid should PREGNANT WOMAN (3rd Trimester) take a day?

A

600 mcg/day

96
Q

What is colostrum?

A

Colostrum is the fluid secreted from the breast during late pregnancy and the first few days postpartum; contains immunologically active substances (maternal antibodies) and essential nutrients.

97
Q

Recommended weight gain during pregnancy for Overweight BMI (25.0-29.9 kg/m2)?

A

15-25

98
Q

What is hyperemesis gravidarum?

A

Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe and unrelenting vomiting during pregnancy

99
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Regularity of mealtimes at home - breakfast and dinner - helps support success a school.

A

TRUE. Healthy nutrition habits lead to success in many things including school

100
Q

What are the 3 symptoms of preeclampsia?

A
  1. Increased arterial blood pressure
  2. Rapid weight gain
  3. Marked edema
101
Q

Why should we limit fruit juices to infants?

A

Because they might displace nutrients from other foods

102
Q

How much protein ADULT WOMEN 19-50 (NON-PREGNANT) years of age should take a day?

A

18 mg of iron a day

103
Q

PICK THE CORRECT ANSWER
The current recommendation for pregnant women with preexisting diabetes mellitus is to achieve tight glucose control (BEFORE, DURING, AFTER) concept to maximize the likelihood of a healthy mother and infant whole avoiding perinatal risks.

A

Before

104
Q

At what range of age does peer influence at school lunchtime increases?

A

Ages 7-12 years old is when peer influence at school lunchtime increases.

105
Q

TRUE/FALSE

A lack of folic acid intake during pregnancy may increase the risk of infants developing spina bifocals and anencephaly.

A

TRUE

106
Q

There is an increased risk of the infant if the mother have preexisting DM acquiring ERYTHREMIA. What is erythremia?

A

Erythremia = abnormal increase of red blood cells

107
Q

The fetus prefers to use _________ as its primary energy source

A

Glucose

108
Q

What are 6 increased risk of complications of a newborn infant whose mother have preexisting DM?

A
  1. Heart defect
  2. Central nervous system defect
  3. Macrosomia
  4. Hypoglycemia
  5. Erythremia
  6. Hyperbilirubinemia
109
Q

FILL IN THE BLANKS

Micronutrient needs during pregnancy may be met through a balanced diet, with a few notable exceptions, including 1.__________ and 2.__________

A
  1. Folate

2. Iron

110
Q

Recommended weight gain during pregnancy for Obese BMI (>30.0 kg/m2)

A

11-20 lbs

111
Q

At what age solid foods may be added to the infant’s diet?

A

Between 4-6 months

112
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Excessive intake of Isotretinoin or Accutane CANNOT cause birth defects

A

FALSE. Excessive intake of Isotretinoin and Accutane which are preformed Vitamin A can cause birth defects along with Vitamin D

113
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Breastmilk contains consistent amount of sufficient Vitamin D for an infant.

A

FALSE. Vitamin D supplement may be needed.

114
Q

If honey is introduced to infants in the first year of life what might happen?

A

Honey may cause infantile Clostridium botulinum poisoning

115
Q

What is the amount of alcohol a pregnant woman can safely drink?

A

NONE

116
Q

Give 3 pathogens that are concerns of food-borne illness during pregnancy:

A
  1. Salmonella species
  2. Toxoplasma Gondi
  3. Listeria monocytogenes
117
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Newborn infants whose mother have preexisting diabetes mellitus (type 1, 2) are at increased risk of birth defects.

A

TRUE

118
Q

What are the 3 components to maternal weight gain?

A
  1. Increased blood plasma volume
  2. Increased maternal support tissues (breast + uterus)
  3. Products of conception (placenta + fetus)
119
Q

How much protein ADULT WOMEN 19-50 years of age should take a day?

A

46g or protein a day

120
Q

About how many times new food are repeatedly exposed before children accept them?

A

8-10 attempts

121
Q

Overweight and obese woman before and during pregnancy are at increased risk for what 3 problems?

A
  1. Increased risk for operative delivery
  2. Increased risk for Gestational diabetes
  3. Increased risk for Postpartum weight gain
122
Q

In children how much percentage should they take for each of the following: Carbs? Proteins? Fats?

A 
Carbs = 55% 
Proteins = 15%
Fats = 30%
123
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Pregnancy is NOT a time to restrict kcal or to lose weight even if the mother begins pregnancy as overweight.

A

TRUE

124
Q

What is macrosomia?

A

Abnormally large body size in a newborn infant

125
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Adults are responsible for not only what meals are offers but also when meals are offered to children.

A

TRUE. Regularly of mealtimes at home home (breakfast and dinner) helps support success at school

126
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Omega-3 fatty acids are plentiful in human milk

A

TRUE

127
Q

How much Energy (kcal) ADULT WOMEN 19-50 years of age should take a day?

A

2200 kcal a day

128
Q

How much phosphorus should LACTATING MOTHERS should take a day?

A

700 mg/day

129
Q

How much extra calories a day is needed for second and third trimester?

A

Extra 340 kcal/day = 2nd Trimester

Extra 450 kcal/day = 3rd Trimester

130
Q

What does FASD stand for?

A

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

131
Q

Only at what age can infants drink reduced-fat milk and non fat milk?

A

Only after age 2

132
Q

Underweight BMI range?

A

<18.5 kg/m2

133
Q

Recommended weight gain during pregnancy for Underweight BMI (<18.5 kh/m2)?

A

28-40 lbs

134
Q

While children are in control of WHAT they actually eat, adults have control of what 3 things?

A
  1. Quantity of food
  2. Quality of food
  3. Which foods are present or not during meal times
135
Q

Due to increased in GFR during pregnancy, excess protein in urine may lead to what problem?

A

Preeclampsia

136
Q

Estrogen promotes the growth of 1.__________ and 2._________ during pregnancy and renders the connective tissues in the pelvic region more flexible in preparation for birth.

A
  1. Uterus

2. Breast

137
Q

Fill in the blanks:

Poor weight gain may then lead to __________ __________ __________ in the infant. (3 words)

A

Intrauterine growth retardation

138
Q

What is the recommended range of total weight gain during pregnancy from a normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) pregnancy female?

A

25-35 lbs

or 11.5-16 kg

139
Q

Give 3 ways how progesterone affects the body during pregnancy?

A
  1. Promotes growth of endometrium (mucous membrane of the uterus)
  2. Slower GI tract
  3. Increased renal excretion of sodium
140
Q

TRUE/FALSE

In most children, 3 meals a day is sufficient.

A

FALSE. Most children need more than 3 meals a day

141
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Only warm or hot water should be used for baby-formula milk preparation

A

False. Only cold water should be used for formula preparation.

142
Q

What does SGA stand for?

A

Small for Gestational Age

143
Q

Obese BMI range?

A

> 30 kg/m2

144
Q

How much phosphorus should PREGNANT WOMAN (3rd Trimester) take a day?

A

700 mg/day

145
Q

When is the protein requirement the highest during infant development?

A

Protein requirement is highest during the first 4 months of life, when growth is the most rapid.

146
Q

How much energy (kcal) should LACTATING MOTHERS should take a day?

A

2530 kcal a day

147
Q

TRUE/FALSE
Children ages 4-6 years old accept new foods more easily if they are served and mixed with other familiar foods on the plate.

A

FALSE. Children 4-6 years old accept foods more easily if they are served SEPARATELY from other foods on the plate, rather than mixed with other foods in a casserole.

148
Q

Why vitamin K is routinely given to newborn babies?

A

To prevent hemorrhage because newborn babies lack intestinal bacteria to synthesize the vitamin.

149
Q

How much vitamin A should PREGNANT WOMAN (3rd Trimester) take a day?

A

770 mcg/day

150
Q

TRUE/FALSE
A weight gain between 15 and 25 lbs during pregnancy is recommended for a woman who is overweight prior to pregnancy (BMI 25.0-29.9)

A

TRUE

151
Q

Pregnancy induced hypertension is called what?

A

Preeclampsia

152
Q

How much protein intake should an infant have during the second 6 months?

A

1.6 g of protein per Infants Body Wt (kg) a day during the second 6 months

153
Q

About how much percentage does BMR (basal metabolic rate) during pregnancy?

A

15% to 20%

154
Q

How much Folic acid intake is needed per day DURING PREGNANCY to prevent developing neural tube defects (NTD) in fetus? (Answer in micrograms)

A

Folic Acid = 600 mcg/day

155
Q

What is it called when the plasma volume doubles during pregnancy?

A

Hemodilution

156
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Cow’s milk is a great source of Vitamin C, essential fatty acids, zinc and other trace minerals.

A

FALSE.
Cow’s milk is not a great source of vitamin C, essential fatty acids, zinc, and other trace minerals, therefore it should not be fed to infants less than 1 year of age in addition to cow’s milk is less digestible than the fat in breastmilk or formula

157
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Children does not depend on adults for the provision of food.

A

FALSE. Children DO depend on adults for the provision of food

158
Q

What should ask children to rule out overeating?

A

To rule out overeating, children can be asked whether they are:
A. Really hungry for good
B. Or only tired or thirsty

159
Q

TRUE/FALSE

A child can be reminded to “stop eating when you are full”

A

TRUE

160
Q

What is the Energy (kcal) needs for 7-12 year olds?

A

2000 to 2200 kcal/day for 7-12 age

161
Q

What is the protein requirement for ages 7-12?

A

Protein required is between 28g to 46g, depending on sexual maturity (increase in lean body mass)

162
Q

Are age 8 the Ca adequate intake increases from 800mg/day to what?

A

1300 mg/day of Ca starting at age 8

163
Q

For children ages 7-12 how does a lack of zinc intake do?

A

Low zinc intakes can affect growth rates in children ages 7-12

164
Q

TRUE/FALSE

In children ages 7-12 Iron intake needs to increase as well as zinc

A

TRUE

165
Q

Female Teens need about how many kcal per day?

A

2200 kcal per day for female teens

166
Q

How many proteins does a female teen need a day?

A

45g of protein a day is needed for female teens

167
Q

How much kcal a day is needed for male teens?

A

2300 to 2900 kcal a day for male teens

168
Q

How much protein a day is needed by male teens?

A

45 to 59g of protein a day for male teens

169
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Protein increases during adolescence because of greater lean body mass development in males

A

TRUE

170
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Bone mineralization for girls is a concern because teenage girls often don’t consume enough calcium rich foods

A

TRUE

171
Q

Iron allowances are important for teenage girls because?

A

Iron allowances are important to fulfill, particularly for girls who begin menstration

172
Q

Iron is also need by teenage boys because?

A

Iron is also needed by teenage boys whose accelerates growth necessitates an increased blood volume and lean body mass

173
Q

Which two age groups are at most risk for asphyxiation?

A

Toddlers
Elderly
Are at most risk for asphyxiation

174
Q

What is food asphyxiation?

A

Food asphyxiation is choking, depriving the body of oxygen

175
Q

Give 13 potential foods for asphyxiation

A
  1. Peanut butter
  2. All nuts
  3. Popcorn
  4. Hot dogs
  5. Sausages
  6. Potato chips
  7. Grapes
  8. Candies
  9. Bagel
  10. Gummy bears,
  11. Carrots
  12. Marshmallows
  13. Gum
176
Q

Give 2 ways to prevent food asphyxiation

A
  1. Well chewing

2. Sitting while eating

177
Q

What do we perform to help a choking person?

A

Heinrich maneuver

178
Q

Lead poisoning can be an invisible health hazard. Give 3 places you can find lead

A

Lead can be found in

  1. Old paint dust or chips
  2. Enameled porcelain fixtures (bathtubs)
  3. Soil or air from industrial and transportation pollution
179
Q

Which age group are at most risk for lead poisoning?

A

Children are at most risk; they naturally absorb greater amounts of minerals than adults.

180
Q

What are 3 mineral deficiencies that tend to increase the absorption of lead.

A 
Nutritional deficiencies in:
1. Iron
2. Calcium 
3. Zinc
 tend to increase the absorption of lead
181
Q

TRUE/FALSE

lead poisoning and iron-deficiency anemia are sometimes diagnosed concurrently

A

TRUE

182
Q

Excessive exposure to lead can permanently affect whAt?

A

Cognitive and perceptual abilities, which affects learning ability

183
Q

Give 3 risk factors that increase the chance of getting type 2 diabetes mellitus

A
  1. Overweight
  2. Genetics
  3. Lack of physical activity
184
Q

Which 2 ethnic groups appears to have more diabetes in greater numbers than other ethnic groups?

A
  1. Hispanics

2. African Americans

185
Q

Which ethnic group experience diabetes at lower body weights than other ethnic groups

A

Asians

186
Q

What is anaphylaxis?

A

Allergic reaction; hyper autoimmune reaction to foreign substances

187
Q

Give 3 symptoms of anaphylaxis

A
  1. Skin reaction (rashes)
  2. Respiratory (hard time breathing)
  3. Gastrointestinal reactions
188
Q

What are 4 common food allergies?

A
  1. Peanuts
  2. Milk
  3. Eggs
  4. Wheat

NUTRITION 101 (4 decks)

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