Ch 10 - Nervous System

Question 1

Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse:

Answer 1

dendrite

Question 2

Largest part of the brain:

Answer 2

cerebrum

Question 3

The outermost layer of the meninges:

Answer 3

dura mater

Question 4

Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell:

Answer 4

myelin sheath

Question 5

A type of neuroglial cell that transports water and salts from capillaries:

Answer 5

astrocyte

Question 6

Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid:

Answer 6

ventricles

Question 7

The part of the brain that controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and the secretions from the pituitary gland:

Answer 7

hypothalamus

Question 8

Chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell:

Answer 8

neurotransmitter

Question 9

Part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance:

Answer 9

cerebellum

Question 10

Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells:

Answer 10

synapse

Question 11

Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell:

Answer 11

axon

Question 12

Posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord:

Answer 12

brainstem

Question 13

Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord:

Answer 13

cauda equina

Question 14

Collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system:

Answer 14

ganglion

Question 15

Part of the brain just above the spinal cord that controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood vessels:

Answer 15

medulla oblongata

Question 16

Main relay center of the brain:

Answer 16

thalamus

Question 17

Sheet of nerve cells that forms a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex:

Answer 17

gyrus

Question 18

Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex:

Answer 18

sulcus

Question 19

Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord:

Answer 19

meninges

Question 20

Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges:

Answer 20

pia mater

Question 21

The combining form that means brain:

Answer 21

encephal/o

Question 22

The combining form that means spinal cord:

Answer 22

myel/o

Question 23

The combining form that means nerve:

Answer 23

neur/o

Question 24

The combining form that means nerve root:

Answer 24

radicul/o

Question 25

The combining form that means burning:

Answer 25

caus/o

Question 26

The combining form that means feeling:

Answer 26

esthesi/o

Question 27

The combining form that means word or phrase:

Answer 27

lex/o

Question 28

The suffix that means strength:

Answer 28

-sthenia

Question 29

The suffix that means pain:

Answer 29

-algia

Question 30

The suffix that means seizure:

Answer 30

-lepsy

Question 31

A subdural hematoma means a collection of blood under (sub-) the ________ (dur/o).

Answer 31

dura mater

Question 32

Encephalitis is inflammation (-itis) of the ________ (encephal/o).

Answer 32

brain

Question 33

Poliomyelitis is inflammation (-itis) of the gray matter (polio-) of the ________ (myel/o).

Answer 33

spinal cord

Question 34

Neuropathy is disease (-pathy) of ________ (neur/o).

Answer 34

nerves

Question 35

Radiculitis is inflammation (-itis) of the _______ (radicul/o).

Answer 35

nerve roots

Question 36

Neuralgia is _______ (-algia) of the nerves (neur/o).

Answer 36

pain

Question 37

Bradykinesia is slowness (brady-) of ________ (-kinesia).

Answer 37

movement

Question 38

Hemiparesis is ________ (-paresis) in either the right or left half (hemi-) of the body.

Answer 38

weakness

Question 39

Ataxia is a condition of no (a-) muscular ________ (tax/o)

Answer 39

coordination

Question 40

Quadriplegia is ________ (-plegia) of all four (quadri-) limbs of the body.

Answer 40

paralysis

Question 41

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain:

Answer 41

hydrocephalus

Question 42

Congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts:

Answer 42

spina bifida

Question 43

Brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive dementia, personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning:

Answer 43

AD

Question 44

Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem:

Answer 44

ALS

Question 45

Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity:

Answer 45

epilepsy

Question 46

Destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue:

Answer 46

MS

Question 47

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles:

Answer 47

myasthenia gravis

Question 48

Disease of involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements, uncontrollable vocal sounds, and inappropriate words:

Answer 48

Tourette syndrome

Question 49

Bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head:

Answer 49

cerebral contusion

Question 50

Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke:

Answer 50

CVA

Question 51

X-ray imaging of the arterial blood vessels in the brain after injection of contrast material:

Answer 51

cerebral angiography

Question 52

A method of treatment for myasthenia gravis:

Answer 52

thymectomy

Question 53

Radioactive glucose is injected and then detected in the brain to image the metabolic activity of cells:

Answer 53

PET scan

Question 54

Recording of the electrical activity of the brain:

Answer 54

EEG

Question 55

Samples of CSF are examined:

Answer 55

cerebrospinal fluid analysis

Question 56

X-ray technique that generates multiple computerized images of the brain and spinal cord:

Answer 56

CT scan

Question 57

Magnetic field and pulses of radiowave energy are used to create images of the brain and spinal cord:

Answer 57

MRI

Question 58

Use of sound waves to detect blood flow in the carotid and intracranial arteries:

Answer 58

Doppler ultrasound studies

Question 59

CSF is withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae for analysis:

Answer 59

lumbar puncture

Question 60

Use of a specialized instrument to locate and treat targets in the brain:

Answer 60

stereotactic radiosurgery