Ch. 10 Mitosis Flashcards
What is Mitosis?
a parent cell transmits one copy of every chromosome to each of its two daughter cells.
What is the term for when a chromosome has two chromatids?
Sister Chromatids
What is the phase a cell spends most of its time in?
Interphase
What is the phase in which Mitosis and Cytokinesis occurs?
M Phase
What is G1 Phase?
growth and normal metabolism occur
What is S Phase?
DNA is copied
What is G2 Phase?
preparation for cell division
How is Mitosis defined in M Phase?
division of DNA and nucleus through PPMAT stages
What is Cytokinesis?
division of cell to form two cells
What does PPMAT stand for?
- Prophase
- Prometaphase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
What are the 3 steps of Prophase?
- Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
- Spindle fibers form
- Nucleus dissolves
What is the role of Centrioles?
produce spindle fibers and have on end attached to the fibers.
What happens in Prometaphase?
Begins when the nucleus finishes dissolving
Spindle fibers attach to Kinetochore of chromosome
Chromosome begin moving toward mid-plane
What happens during Metaphase?
All the cell’s chromosomes align at the middle
What happens during Anaphase?
Sister chromatids separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell.
Ends when all chromatids reach poles.
What are the 3 steps of Telophase?
- Chromosomes decondense to chromatin
- New nuclear envelope forms around each set
- Spindle fibers disappear
What happens during Cytokinesis?
Division of the Cytoplasm to yield two daughter cells
How do Prokaryotes divide?
Through Binary Fission. Divide one cell into two cells.
What is the shape of DNA in a prokaryote?
DNA is a singular, circular chromosome
Define a Diploid
when a cell has two sets of chromosomes (Somatic)
