ch 10 med terms def format

Question 1

stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion

Answer 1

ankylosis

Question 2

painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass)

Answer 2

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

Question 3

lameness, limping

Answer 3

claudication

Question 4

fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

Answer 4

contracture

Question 5

dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction

Answer 5

crepitation

Question 6

use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction

Answer 6

electromyography

Question 7

increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms

Answer 7

exacerbation

Question 8

tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist

Answer 8

ganglion cyst

Question 9

effusion of blood into a joint cavity

Answer 9

hemarthrosis

Question 10

loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching

Answer 10

hypotonia

Question 11

primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow

Answer 11

multiple myeloma

Question 12

bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord also called bone spur

Answer 12

osteophyte

Question 13

perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists

Answer 13

phantom limb

Question 14

replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity

Answer 14

prosthesis

Question 15

form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis

Answer 15

rickets

Question 16

fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue

Answer 16

sequestrum

Question 17

any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it

Answer 17

spondylolisthesis

Question 18

degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues

Answer 18

spondylosis

Question 19

tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete

Answer 19

sprain

Question 20

to exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular

Answer 20

strain

Question 21

partial or incomplete dislocation

Answer 21

subluxation

Question 22

congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward laterally to the side; also called clubfoot

Answer 22

talipes equinovarus

Question 23

disease causing degeneration of muscles

Answer 23

muscular dystrophy

Question 24

chronic neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness manifested in ocular muscles

Answer 24

myasthenia gravis

Question 25

type of sarcoma that attacks the shafts rather than the ends of long bones

Answer 25

Ewing sarcoma

Question 26

bone that is partially bent and partially broken; occurs in children

Answer 26

greenstick fracture

Question 27

exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the vertebral column; hunpback

Answer 27

kyphosis

Question 28

disease caused by a decrease in bone density; occurs in the elderly

Answer 28

osteoporosis

Question 29

deviation of the spine to the right or left

Answer 29

scoliosis

Question 30

cartilaginous sarcoma

Answer 30

chondrosarcoma

Question 31

describes a bone that has splintered into pieces

Answer 31

comminuted fracture

Question 32

inflammation of the vertebrae

Answer 32

spondylitis

Question 33

metabolic disease caused by accumulation of uric acid, usually in the big toe

Answer 33

gout

Question 34

development and production of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow

Answer 34

hematopoiesis

Question 35

formation of pus

Answer 35

pyogenic

Question 36

death of cells, tissues, or organs

Answer 36

necrosis

Question 37

radiograph of spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium

Answer 37

myelography

Question 38

treatment of bone fractures by use of surgery to place bones in normal position

Answer 38

open reduction

Question 39

used to treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity with the immune system

Answer 39

gold salts

Question 40

excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra

Answer 40

laminectomy

Question 41

series of joint radiographs preceded by injection of a radiopaque substance or air into the joint cavity

Answer 41

arthrography

Question 42

surgical binding or immobilizing of a joint

Answer 42

arthrodesis

Question 43

partial or complete removal of a limb

Answer 43

amputation

Question 44

herniated nucleus pulposus

Answer 44

HNP

Question 45

relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation

Answer 45

salicylates

Question 46

visual examination of a joint's interior, especially the knee

Answer 46

arthroscopy

Question 47

excising a segment of a necrosed bone

Answer 47

sequestrectomy

Question 48

anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 48

ACL

Question 49

relieve muscle spasms and stiffness

Answer 49

relaxants

Question 50

manipulative treatment of bone fractures by placing the bones in normal position without incision

Answer 50

closed reduction