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Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System > ch 10 med terms > Flashcards

ch 10 med terms Flashcards

1
Q

ankylosis

A

stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion

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2
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

A

painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass)

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3
Q

claudication

A

lameness, limping

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4
Q

contracture

A

fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

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5
Q

crepitation

A

dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction

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6
Q

electromyography

A

use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction

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7
Q

exacerbation

A

increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms

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8
Q

ganglion cyst

A

tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist

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9
Q

hemarthrosis

A

effusion of blood into a joint cavity

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10
Q

hypotonia

A

loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching

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11
Q

multiple myeloma

A

primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow

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12
Q

osteophyte

A

bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord also called bone spur

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13
Q

phantom limb

A

perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists

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14
Q

prosthesis

A

replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity

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15
Q

rickets

A

form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis

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16
Q

sequestrum

A

fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue

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17
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it

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18
Q

spondylosis

A

degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues

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19
Q

sprain

A

tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete

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20
Q

strain

A

to exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular

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21
Q

subluxation

A

partial or incomplete dislocation

22
Q

talipes equinovarus

A

congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward laterally to the side; also called clubfoot

23
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

disease causing degeneration of muscles

24
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

chronic neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness manifested in ocular muscles

25
Q

Ewing sarcoma

A

type of sarcoma that attacks the shafts rather than the ends of long bones

26
Q

greenstick fracture

A

bone that is partially bent and partially broken; occurs in children

27
Q

kyphosis

A

exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the vertebral column; hunpback

28
Q

osteoporosis

A

disease caused by a decrease in bone density; occurs in the elderly

29
Q

scoliosis

A

deviation of the spine to the right or left

30
Q

chondrosarcoma

A

cartilaginous sarcoma

31
Q

comminuted fracture

A

describes a bone that has splintered into pieces

32
Q

spondylitis

A

inflammation of the vertebrae

33
Q

gout

A

metabolic disease caused by accumulation of uric acid, usually in the big toe

34
Q

hematopoiesis

A

development and production of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow

35
Q

pyogenic

A

formation of pus

36
Q

necrosis

A

death of cells, tissues, or organs

37
Q

myelography

A

radiograph of spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium

38
Q

open reduction

A

treatment of bone fractures by use of surgery to place bones in normal position

39
Q

gold salts

A

used to treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity with the immune system

40
Q

laminectomy

A

excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra

41
Q

arthrography

A

series of joint radiographs preceded by injection of a radiopaque substance or air into the joint cavity

42
Q

arthrodesis

A

surgical binding or immobilizing of a joint

43
Q

amputation

A

partial or complete removal of a limb

44
Q

HNP

A

herniated nucleus pulposus

45
Q

salicylates

A

relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation

46
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of a joint’s interior, especially the knee

47
Q

sequestrectomy

A

excising a segment of a necrosed bone

48
Q

ACL

A

anterior cruciate ligament

49
Q

relaxants

A

relieve muscle spasms and stiffness

50
Q

closed reduction

A

manipulative treatment of bone fractures by placing the bones in normal position without incision

Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System (2 decks)

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