CH 10 - Intelligence

Question 1

Williams Syndrome

Answer 1

impaired cognitive ability (ie. unable to tie shoes & do math) –> unusual flair for language & music

Question 2

Intelligence

Answer 2

ability to use mind to solve novel problems & learn from experiences

Question 3

Objective method

Answer 3

ability to solve logic problems, remember words, copying pictures, edible vs inedible foods, making rhymes

Question 4

Ratio IQ

Answer 4

mental age / physical age x 100

Question 5

Deviation IQ

Answer 5

test score / average score for age x 100

Question 6

Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence

Answer 6

a person’s performance on test is due to combination of general cognitive ability & specific abilities that are unique to test

Question 7

Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Answer 7

mathematical technique (combining Spearman & Thurstone) showed correlation b/w scores on different tests described by three-level hierarchy

Question 8

Three-Level Hierarchy

Answer 8

general factor (g) on top, specific factor (s), group factors (primary mental abilities)

Question 9

Data-Based Approach

Answer 9

compute correlations b/w people’s performances on large number of tests & then observe the patter those correlations create

Question 10

Crystalllized Intelligence

Answer 10

ability to apply knowledge that was acquired through experience

Question 11

Fluid Intelligence

Answer 11

ability to solve & reason about novel problems

Question 12

Theory-Based Approach

Answer 12

believes data from intelligence tests are useful, but cannot tell us about abilities that the tests don’t measure

Question 13

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 13

ability to reason about emotions and to use emotions to enhance reasoning

Question 14

Heritability Coefficient (h^2)

Answer 14

statistic describes proportion of difference b/w 2 or more ppl’s IQ score that can be explained by differences in their genes

Question 15

Shared Environment

Answer 15

features of the environment that are experienced by all relevant members of a household

Question 16

Non-shared Environment

Answer 16

features of the environment that are not experienced by all relevant members of a household

Question 17

Fynn Effect

Answer 17

fact that average IQ score today is roughly 30 points higher than a century ago

Question 18

Passionate Devotion

Answer 18

explains why gifted children more likely to become high-achieving adults

Question 19

Eugenics

Answer 19

idea that intelligence of humankind should be increased by controlled breeding

Question 20

Stereotype Threat

Answer 20

anxiety associated with possibility of confirming other people’s stereotypes about one group

Question 20

Cognitive Enhancers

Answer 20

drugs that improve psychological processes that underlie intelligent performance