Ch 10

Question 1

Animals that make the most concentrated urine have nephrons with relatively ______ loops of henle. Such nephrons are referred to as ______

Answer 1

Longer

Juxtamedullary

Question 2

Hydrostatic pressure of fluid in bowmans capsule is 15 mm Hg and the osmotic pressure pressure due to plasma proteins in the glomerulus is 30 mm Hg. If blood (hydrostatic) pressure in the glomerulus is 60 mm Hg, the net filtration pressure is _____

Answer 2

15 mm Hg

Question 3

The absence of intrinsic regulation of glomerular filtration rate, _____ in blood pressure causes _____ in GFR

Answer 3

An increase

An increase

Question 4

During intrinsic regulation of GFR, a(n) _____ in flow rate of the filtrate through the distal tubule would elicit ______ of the efferent arteriole to the glomerulus

Answer 4

Increase

Constriction

Question 5

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway is stimulated by _____ in blood pressure and causes _____ sodium and water retention

Answer 5

A decrease

An increase

Question 6

Atrial natriuretic factor is secreted in response to an increase in blood pressure to ______ glomerular filtration rate and ______ blood volume

Answer 6

Increase

Lower

Question 7

Lowering of blood volume and stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway would cause neurons in the _____ to elicit _____ thirst

Answer 7

Hypothalamus

Increased

Question 8

The primary mineralocorticoids secreted for the control of ion balance is ____\ from the ____ in fish and _____ from the _____ in tetrapods

Answer 8

Cortisol
Interrenal tissue
Aldosterone
Adrenal cortex

Question 9

Aquatic animals classified as _____ allow osmolarity of their body to change in parallel with the similarity of the environment and will die after very modest osmotic disruption of their body fluid

Answer 9

Stenohaline osmoconformers

Question 10

Freshwater bing fish are _____ to their environment and this constantly _____ water across their gills

Answer 10

Hyperosmotic

Gain

Question 11

The loop of henle is present in nephrons of

Answer 11

Mammals

Question 12

_____ refers to the ability of some invertebrates to survive in a dehydrated, dormant state

Answer 12

Anhydrobiosis

Question 13

Most aquatic animals excrete _____ as their primary nitrogenous waste

Answer 13

Ammonia

Question 14

Salt glands are used by ____\ to excrete Na and Cl

Answer 14

Reptiles and birds

Question 15

Saltwater bony fish primarily use their _____ to _____ Na and Cl to/from the environment

Answer 15

Gills

Excrete

Question 16

Reabsorption of glucose and amino acids primarily occurs in the ____

Answer 16

Proximal tubule

Question 17

Excretion of _____ requires the least obligatory water loss

Answer 17

Utica acid

Question 18

He process of _____ moves materials against their concentration gradient from the excretory tubule back into the blood

Answer 18

Active reabsorption

Question 19

Cartilaginous fish in marine environments _____

Answer 19

Are slightly hyperosmostic
Use a rectal gland to excrete Na and Cl
Retain urea
ALL OF THE ABOVE which of t

Question 20

Which of the following incorrectly matches organisms with their type of excretory organ

Answer 20

Nematodes

Green gland

Question 21

Which of the following would not be a typical response to dehydration

Answer 21

Decrease in sympathetic output

Question 22

Which one of the following is not a function of the excretory system

Answer 22

Elimination of undigested foods

Question 23

Which of the following is filtered from blood but not normally found in urine

Answer 23

Amino acids

Question 24

Which is an accurate statement about the anatomy of the human kidney

Answer 24

The loop of henle is located between the proximal tubule and the distal tubule

Question 25

In the _____ of the nephron, bicarbonate reabsorption and H+ occur to maintain blood pH

Answer 25

Proximal and distal tubules