Ch. 10 Flashcards
In Freud’s theory, the _______________ represents all the ideas, thoughts and feelings of which we are not and normally cannot become aware.
Unconscious
An individual’s unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persists over time and across situations is known as _______________.
Personality
According to Freud, the _______________ is the energy generated by sexual instinct.
Libido
In Freud’s theory of personality, the _______________ is the collection of unconscious urges and desires that continually seek expression.
Id
Freud argued that the id operates according to the _______________ _______________, and therefore it seeks immediate gratification of an instinct.
Pleasure Principle
The part of the personality in Freud’s theory that mediates between environmental demands, conscience, and instinctual needs is the _______________.
Ego
Freud argued that the way in which the ego seeks to satisfy instinctual demands safely and effectively in the real world is in accordance with the _______________ _______________.
Reality principle
The ______________ is the part of the personality that acts as a moral center; it represents the social and parental standards that the individual has internalized.
Superego
The _______________ _______________ is the part of the superego that consists of standards of what one would like to be.
Ego ideal
A _______________ results when the person does not fully resolve the conflict in a particular psychosexual stage, resulting in personality traits and behavior associated with that earlier stage.
Fixation
According to Freud, the _______________ stage is the first stage of psychosexual development, occurring in the first year of life, in which the mouth is the erogenous zone and weaning is the primary conflict.
Oral
According to Freud, the _______________ stage is the second stage of personality development, occurring from about 1 to 3 years of age, in which the anus is the erogenous zone and toilet training is the source of conflict.
Anal
The third Freudian stage, occurring from about 3 to 6 years of age, in which the child discovers sexual or erotic feelings is known as the _______________ stage.
Phallic
A child’s sexual attachment to the parent of the opposite sex and jealousy toward the parent of the same sex are characteristics of the _______________ complex (for boys) and _______________ complex (for girls).
Oedipal; Electra
The fourth Freudian stage, occurring during the school years, in which the sexual feelings of the child are repressed while the child develops in other ways is known as the _______________ stage.
Latency
The final stage of personality development according to Freud is known as the _______________ stage, and sexual feelings reawaken and are satisfied in various ways within mature, sexual relationships.
Genital
Jung’s name for the unconscious mind as described by Freud is called the _______________ _______________; it contains the individual’s repressed thoughts, forgotten experiences, and undeveloped ideas.
Personal unconscious
The _______________ _______________ is Jung’s name for the memories shared by all members of the human species.
Collective unconscious
Jung’s collective, universal human memories were called _______________.
Archetypes
The _______________ is, according to Jung, our public self – the mask we wear to represent ourselves to others.
Persona
_______________ are people who usually focus on social life and the external world instead of on their internal experience, according to Jung.
Extraverts
Alfred Adler believed that personality developed from individuals’ efforts to overcome feelings of inferiority. Those who became too fixated on their feelings of inferiority developed what Adler called an _______________ _______________.
Inferiority complex
Any personality theory that asserts the fundamental goodness of people and their striving toward higher levels of functioning can be called a _______________ personality theory.
Humanistic
The striving to fulfill one’s biological potential and capabilities is what Rogers called the _______________ _______________.
Actualizing tendency
