Ch. 1 Flashcards
Defined as to how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play, it is called _____
Functionalism
The science of _____ focuses on observable behavior only; it must be directly seen and able to be measured.
Behaviorism
This type of psychology focused on structure or basic elements of the mind and is called _____
Structuralism
The definition of ______ is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Psychology
When psychologists ask the question “Does our understanding of human behavior apply equally well to every human being?” they are addressing the ______ enduring issue.
Diversity-universality
The general explanation of a set of observations or facts is called a _____
Theory
______ ideas are now part of the study of cognitive psychology, a field focusing not only on perception but also on learning, memory, thought processes, and problem-solving
Gestalt
_______ Was the theory and therapy based on the work of Sigmund Freud.
Psychoanalysis
_______ Held the view that people have free will, the freedom to choose their own destiny
Humanism
The _______ perspective focuses on memory, intelligence, perception, problem solving, and learning.
Cognitive
A system of gathering data so that the bias and error in measurement are reduce is called the _______ _______.
Scientific method
A tentative explanation of a phenomenon based on observation is called a _______
Hypothesis
Watching animals or humans behave in their normal environment without interacting with them in a way is called _______ _______.
Naturalistic observation
A researcher will always ask a series of questions about the topic under study in a method called _______.
Surveys
When groups of psychologist or other professionals look over each proposed research study and judge it according to its safety and consideration for the participants in the study, they are interested in the _______ of the study
Ethics
When a researcher uses a variety of methods to gather extensive information about one person, the researcher is engaging in a _______ _______.
Case study
The tendency of the experimenters expectations for a study to unintentionally influence the results of the study is called the _______ effect
Experimenter
A measure of the relationship between two variables is called a _______.
Correlation
A _______ is a professional with an academic degree and specialized training in one or more areas of psychology.
Psychologist
The _______ perspective attributes human and animal behavior to biological events occurring in the body, such as genetic influences, hormones, and the activity of the nervous system.
Biopsychological
The deliberate manipulation of the variable to see if corresponding changes in behavior result, allowing the determination of cause-and-effect relationship is called an _______.
Experiment
The _______ enduring issue addresses whether humans are the masters of their fate or victims of circumstances.
Person-situation
The _______ _______ perspective argues that psychology should devote more attention to “the good life”: the study of subject of feelings of happiness and well-being
Positive psychology
The _______ perspective focuses on the biological basis of universal mental characteristics that all humans share.
Evolutionary
