Ch. 1 - Tree biology

Question 1

meristems

Answer 1

Undifferentiated tissue in which active cell division takes place.

Question 2

abscission zone

Answer 2

Occurs at petiole. Cell breakdown leads to leaf and fruit drop.

Question 3

absorbing root

Answer 3

Fine, fibrous root takes up water and minerals, top 12” soil.

Question 4

adventitious bud

Answer 4

hormones trigger bud growth in abnormal areas.

Question 5

aerial root

Answer 5

Above-ground root

Question 6

angiosperm

Answer 6

Plant with seeds born in an ovary - 2 groups: monocotyledons and dicotyledons.

Question 7

anthocyanin

Answer 7

Red or purple pigment.

Question 8

antitranspirant

Answer 8

Substance applied to foliage to reduce water loss

Question 9

apical bud

Answer 9

Bud at the tip of twig or shoot

Question 10

apical dominance

Answer 10

Condition in which the terminal bud inhibits the growth and development of the lateral buds on the same stem.

Question 11

apical meristem

Answer 11

Growing point at the tip of a root or shoot

Question 12

apoplasm

Answer 12

Free space in plant tissue

Question 13

auxin

Answer 13

any of a group of plant hormones that regulate growth, particularly by stimulating cell elongation in stems

Question 14

axial transport

Answer 14

Movement of water, minerals, or photosynthates longitudinally within a tree.

Question 15

auxiliary bud

Answer 15

Bud in the axil of a leaf - also called lateral bud

Question 16

branch bark ridge

Answer 16

Raised strip of bark at the top of a branch union

Question 17

branch collar

Answer 17

a swollen area of tissue where a branch meets a tree’s trunk or another branch

Question 18

bud

Answer 18

small lateral or terminal protuberance on the stem of a plant

Question 19

buttress root

Answer 19

large, wide roots that grow horizontally from the base of a tree to provide support and stability

Question 20

cambium

Answer 20

a cellular plant tissue from which phloem, xylem, or cork grows by division, resulting (in woody plants) in secondary thickening.

Question 21

carbohydrate

Answer 21

any of a large group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose, containing hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as water (2:1) and used as structural materials and for energy storage within living tissu

Question 22

carotenoid

Answer 22

any of a class of mainly yellow, orange, or red fat-soluble pigments, including carotene, which give color to plant parts such as ripe tomatoes and autumn leaves

Question 23

cellulose

Answer 23

a complex carbohydrate, composed of long chains of glucose molecules, that forms the primary structural component of plant cell walls, providing rigidity and support to the plant;

Question 24

chlorophyll

Question 25

chloroplast

Question 26

CODIT

Question 27

companion cell

Question 28

compartmentalization

Question 29

cork cambium

Question 30

cuticle

Question 31

cytokinin

Question 32

deciduous

Question 33

decurrent

Question 34

differentiation

Question 35

diffuse porous

Question 36

dormant

Question 37

ecology

Question 38

epicormic

Question 39

evergreen

Question 40

excurrent

Question 41

fiber

Question 42

frond

Question 43

geotropism

Question 44

growth ring

Question 45

guard cell

Question 46

gymnosperm

Question 47

heartwood

Question 48

included bark

Question 49

influorescence

Question 50

internode

Question 51

lateral bud

Question 52

lateral root

Question 53

leaf axil

Question 54

lenticel

Question 55

lignin

Question 56

monocot

Question 57

mycorrhizae

Question 58

node

Question 59

osmosis

Question 60

parenchyma cell

Question 61

periderm

Question 62

petiole

Question 63

phloem

Question 64

photosynthate

Question 65

photosynthesis

Question 66

phototropism

Question 67

plant growth regulator

Question 68

plant hormone

Question 69

primary growth

Question 70

propogation

Question 71

radial transport

Question 72

ray

Question 73

reaction zone

Question 74

respiration

Question 75

ring porous

Question 76

root crown

Question 77

root initiation zone

Question 78

root mat

Question 79

sapwood

Question 80

secondary growth

Question 81

sieve cell

Question 82

sieve tube element

Question 83

sink

Question 84

sinker root

Question 85

source

Question 86

stomata

Question 87

symbiosis

Question 88

symplasm

Question 89

taproot

Question 90

temperate

Question 91

terminal bud

Question 92

tracheid

Question 93

transpiration

Question 94

tropism

Question 95

xylem