CH 1 - The Microbial World and You Flashcards
A living organism too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Microorganism
Define.
Microbiome
All the microorganisms in an environment. Also known as microbiota.
A disease causing organism.
Pathogen or Pathogenic
The microorganism that colonize a host without causing disease.
Normal Microbiota
normal flora
The microorganisms that are present in an animal for a short time without causing a disease.
Transient Microbiota
What is the Human Microbiome Project?
A project to characterize the microbial communities found on the human body.
Domain of prokaryotic single-celled organisms, characterized by peptidoglycan cell walls.
Bacteria
A single-celled organism whose genetic material is not enclosed in a nuclear envelope. (They include both Bacteria and Archaea)
Prokaryote
List common shapes of bacterial cells.
- Bacillus (rodlike)
- Coccus (spherical or ovoid)
- Spiral (corkscrew or curved.)
Domain of prokaryotic cells lacking peptidoglycan.
Archaea
A eukaryotic absorptive chemoheterotroph. they are unicellular or multicellular and can reproduce sexually or asexually.
Fungi
A cell having DNA inside a distinct membrane enclosed nucleus.
Eukaryote
Archaea are divided into what 3 groups?
- Methanogens
- Extreme Halophiles
- Extreme Thermophiles
A unicellular eukaryotic organism; usually chemoheterotrophic. They move by pseudopods, flagella, or cilia. Are either free entities or parasites.
Protozoa
Photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide variety of shapes and both sexual and reproductive forms.
Algae
Acellular, submicroscopic, parasitic, filterable agent consisting of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat.
Virus
Organisms that derive nutrients from living hosts.
Parasites
Parasitic worms characterized as parasitic organisms such as roundworm or flatworm.
Helminths
What are the three Baskets of living microorganisms?
1) Prokaryotes
2) Eukaryotes
3) Viruses and Pirons
The theory that all living things are composed of cells.
Cell Theory
The hypothetical idea that life could arise spontaneously from non-living matter.
Spontaneous Generation
The theory that living cells arise only from pre-existing cells.
Biogenesis
In 1861, this French scientist proved the theory of biogenesis and demonstrated that microorganisms can also be present in nonliving matter - on solids, in liquid, and in gas.
Louis Pasteur
Laboratory techniques used to prevent contamination by unwanted microorganism.
Aseptic Techniques
