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Ch 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Federalism

A

states delegate power to the federal government, share some, and reserve the rest for themselves

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2
Q

Block grant

A

large chunks of money given to local governments by the federal government with few strings attached

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3
Q

Categorical grant

A

chunks of money given by the federal government to state and local governments must comply with or risk losing other federal funds

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4
Q

Federal revenue sharing

A

during 1972-85, money collected in federal taxes was given to state and local governments

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5
Q

Necessary and proper clause

A

also known as the “elastic” clause, it state that Congress can exercise those powers that are “ necessary and proper” for carrying out the enumerated powers

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6
Q

Commerce Clause

A

gives congress the right to regulate interstate commerce

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7
Q

Supremacy clause

A

states may not make laws that undermine federal law

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8
Q

Linkage institutions

A

institutions that connect people to their government(Special interest groups, elections, the media, and political parties

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9
Q

Checks and balances

A

individual powers each branch has to check another branch to balance their overall power

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10
Q

Separation of powers

A

dividing the jobs each branch has so no branch will become too powerful

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11
Q

Cooperative federalism

A

the federal government provides grants to states in order to influence them in areas beyond enumerated federal power

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12
Q

Exclusive power

A

powers belonging to either the states or the federal government

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13
Q

Concurrent powers

A

powers shared by both the state and federal government

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14
Q

Implied powers

A

powers open to interpretation

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15
Q

Enumerated powers

A

powers clearly defined in the Constitution

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16
Q

Project grant

A

a grant given for a specific project in a sate

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17
Q

Devolution

A

using block grants to move power out of the hands of the federal government and back to the states

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18
Q

Formula grant

A

a grant given based on a need formula to any state that qualifies

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19
Q

Mandate

A

a requirement or an order from the central government that all state and local government must comply with risk of losing other federal funds

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20
Q

Natural rights

A

natural born rights
life liberty and pursuit of happiness

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21
Q

popular sovereingty

A

the power to govern is in the hands of the people

22
Q

social contract

A

in order to protect their natural rights, people willingly give some of that power away to a government

23
Q

republicanism

A

people elect leaders to represent them and create laws in the public interest

24
Q

limited government

A

a government that is prevented from tyranny through a system of checks and balances and the distribution of power among several acting members

25
participatory democracy
emphasizes broad participation in the political process by most, if not all, members of society
26
pluralist democracy
groups of people associate with interest groups who then compete to influence policy
27
Elite democracy
emphasizes more limited participation in policymaking on the assumption that government is complicated and therefore the most educated people
28
articles of confederation
first frame of government federal government was weak, state governments were really strong
29
Issues of articles of confederation
one branch in federal government no president and no federal court congress had no power to raise revenue thru taxes congress had no power to raise an army
30
Shays rebellion
veterans weren't paid by congress because they had no moeny but the verterans still got prosecuted because they couldn't pay their taxes
31
When was the constitutional Convention
1787
32
Great/Connecticut Compromise
house of representatives - people represented by population senate - two votes per state
33
Virginia Plan
congressional representatives should be apportioned by population big states would have more representatives and thus have more power
34
New Jersey Plan
each state should be represented equally with one vote per state small states have a disproportionate amount of power
35
Electoral college
each state is given the number of electors that corresponds to the number of congressional representatives that they have in the House state legislatures have all the power to decide who those people are
36
3/5 compromise
3/5 of the enslaved population would count towards representation congress wont touch slave trade for 20 years after ratification of constitution
37
1st amendment
assembly press establishment clause speech petition exercise clause
38
2nd amendment
right to bare arms
39
3rd amednment
government can't use home without permission
40
4th amenment
warrant list
41
5th amendment
self incrimination double jeopardy just compensation grand jury indictment due process
42
6th Amendment
confront location obtain attorney know the charge speedy trial by jury
43
7th amendment
in civil cases, you have right to jury trial
44
8th amendment
no cruel or unusual punishment
45
9th amendment
rights exist outside constitution
46
10th amendment
all powers not listed in the constitution are reserved by the states and the people
47
14th amednment
equal protection under the law
48
Federalist No 10
issue: factions how to fix: large republic elected representatives disperse power by James Madison
49
Federalist 51
issue: with strong central government is the problem of tyranny solutions: federalism separation of powers by James Madison
50
Federalist 70
executive branch is an ingredient for both energy and safety a single executive is necessary to: ensure accountability provide unity ensure energy by Alexander Hamilton
51
Federalist 78
Justices are appointed by the president and have lifetime terms key points: least dangerous branch life tenure judicial review by Alexander Hamilton
52
Brutus No 1
issue: argue against a strong central government key points: country too big for one central government too many opinions people wouldn't know their leaders B - leads to bill of rights and broad participatory democracy R - resists a strong central government U - U.S. too big for one government T - too much power for the government U - U.S. too large = people would be detached from leaders S - Supremacy Clause and Necessary and Proper Clause gives too much power

Government (5 decks)

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