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Marine Bio 1 > Ch. 1 Review > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Classification

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class 
Order 
Family 
Genus
Species
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1
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

2 names; genus and species; Latin or Greek; italicized or underlined

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2
Q

Taxa

A

Groups.

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3
Q

Humans classifications

A 
Eukarya
Animalia
Chordata 
Mammalia
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
Sapient
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4
Q

Prokaryotic cells

A

Most primitive, simplest and smallest cells; little internal structures; no membrane bound organelles
Ex. Bacteria

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5
Q

Eukaryotic cells

A

More organized and complex; membrane bound organelles

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6
Q

Types of eukaryotic cells

A

Animal and plant

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7
Q

Difference of plant cell to animal

A

Chloroplasts, cell wall, large vacuole

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8
Q

Autotrophs

A

Capable of photosynthesis; obtain energy from sunlight (algae and bacteria)

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9
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Cannot produce own food and must obtain energy by eating others

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10
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Reverse of photosynthesis; done by ALL organisms; glucose broken down using oxygen, CO2and H2O an energy given off

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11
Q

Seven characteristics of living things?

A
  1. 1+ cells
  2. Take in mat.s and energy and transform it
  3. Maintain pretty close internal environment
  4. Reproduce through info in DNA
  5. Respond to environ.
  6. Evolve/change over time/ adapt
  7. Highly organization compared to inanimate objects.
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12
Q

Charles Darwin book

A

On The Origins of Species (1858)

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13
Q

Linnaeus

A

Father of modern taxonomy; hierarchy of life

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14
Q

Linnaeus book

A

Systema Naturae 1758

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15
Q

Linnaeus belief

A

Species were unchanging.

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16
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

Genus=capt. First letter

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17
Q

Captain James Cook

A

English explorer trips included much if South Pacific; use time keeping device

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18
Q

Juan Cabrillo

A

1542 Spanish explorer of all coasts esp. California. PCH and aquarium named after him.

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19
Q

Jacques Cousteau

A

French diver and scientist; co-inventor of scuba; oceanic society named after him

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20
Q

Oceanic crust
Depth
Age

A

5km

200mill ago

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21
Q

Continental crust
Depth
Age

A

20-50km

3.5bill ago

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22
Q

Oxygen minimum zone

A

~1000m deep

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23
Q

Lyell

A

Scottish geologist; Principles of Geology; influenced young Darwin

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24
Q

Neap tides

A

When moon and sun gravitational pulls are perpendicular

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25
Q

Tropic interactions?

A

Deals with feeding strategies.

26
Q

Pelagic

A

Found in water column

27
Q

Benthic

A

On, in it near sea floor

28
Q

2types pelagic species

A

Nekton and plankton

29
Q

Nekton

A

Swimmers

30
Q

Plankton

A

Drifters

31
Q

2 types of plankton

A

Phytoplankton and zooplankton

32
Q

Zooplankton

A

Heterotrophic consumers

33
Q

Phytoplankton

A

Photosynthetic

34
Q

2 types of benthic organisms

A

Epifaunal and I faunal

35
Q

Infaunal

A

Move through sediment beneath sea bottom surface

36
Q

Epifaunal

A

Move on sea bottom

37
Q

5 fundamentally different types of living creatures or kingdoms

A 
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantar
Animalia
38
Q

Heterotrophic

A

Must ingest organically

39
Q

Autotrophic

A

Can create own organic compounds

40
Q

How many species on earth?

A

~10-30million

41
Q

Phylogenetic

A

Relating to the evolutionary history of a taxon or group of taxa

42
Q

Phylogenetic taxonomy

A

Science of classifying organisms according to their branching pattern along a cladogram, morphological similarity, or evolutionary relatedness

43
Q

% of earths surface that is ocean

A

71%

44
Q

Penguins
Polar bears
Which poles

A

South

North

45
Q

Mariana Trench depth in ft

A

36,163 ft

46
Q

Lithosphere

A

Outer layer of mantle+crust

47
Q

% of earths surface that is ocean

A

71%

48
Q

Penguins
Polar bears
Which poles

A

South

North

49
Q

Mariana Trench depth in ft

A

36,163 ft

50
Q

Lithosphere

A

Outer layer of mantle+crust

51
Q

Where is the Humbolt current?

A

East Pacific

52
Q

Two most present salts of the ocean

A

Sodium and chloride

53
Q

Phototrophic

A

Autotrophic

54
Q

Chemo trophic

A

Heterotrophic

55
Q

What are hydrothermal vents?

A

Underwater vents that spew black “smoke” (sulfide mineral particles) water is heated by magma and absorbs metals from crust…

56
Q 
Describe the matter of the following 
Crust
Lithosphere 
Asthenosphere
Mesosphere
Outer core
A 
Rigid
Rigid
Plastic
Rigid
Liquid
57
Q

What parts make up the mantle?

A

Lithosphere, asthenosphere, and mesosphere

58
Q

What is the area between the cont. slope and the abyssal plain referred to as?

A

Continental rise

59
Q

What is underneath the continental rise?

A

Sediment.

60
Q

What tidal pattern do we have in SoCal?

A

Mixed semidiurnal

61
Q

How does nutrient and oxygen level compare abov and below the Pycnocline?

A

Above: lower nutrients and higher oxygen

62
Q

Area of cont slope also called…

A

Bathyal

63
Q

Area after abyssal plain slopes even further down..

A

Hadal

Marine Bio 1 (3 decks)

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