Ch. 1 Perspectives In EEG Biofeedback Flashcards
Neurofeedback is also known as…
EEG Biofeedback
Typically the one associated most with the discovery of EEG
Hans Berger
10 Hz alpha that dominates when the eyes are closed in human EEG
Berger’s Wave
Results from alpha blocking when the eyes are opened
Beta
delta rhythm was discovered in 1937, identified the theta wave in 1953
W. Grey Walter
published standards for electrode placement on the human scalp
Herbert H. Jasper
standards for electrode placement on the human scalp are now known as this, standardized electrode placements, so that findings in research and clinical work could be accurately compared
10/20 international system
Electrodes are placed at…
10, 20, 20, 20, 20, and 10% along each of these arcs.
They carried out a series of dramatic animal experiments in the 1960’s, which demonstrated the possibility of operant conditioning with a variety of internal autonomically regulated physiologic processes, including: blood pressure, cardiac function, and intestinal activity. Prior to their research, physiologists generally assumed that organisms only had control over voluntary processes and not involuntary processes.
Neal Miller and Leo Decara
What disorder did Barry Sterman focus on in his research with humans?
Epilepsy
What is the rhythm in the EEG that Barry Sterman discovered?
sensory motor
Where does the rhythm Barry Sterman discovered occur on the scalp?
over the motor strip
Sterman began training what frequency to treat seizures?
SMR
What disorder did Lubar go on to research using the results of his and Sterman’s early research?
ADHD
Who trained the first alpha rhythms in subjects at the University of Chicago in 1962?
Joe Kamiya
Who was the first individual to experiment with theta at the Menninger Clinic?
Elmer Green
Who utilized alpha/theta techniques at Menninger for addiction problems?
Peniston and Kulkosky
Who first developed the BEAM mapping and that lead to qEEG topographical maps?
Frank Duffy
Who developed the Mild Head Injury Discriminant around 1989?
Robert Thatcher
Who worked with Barry Sterman and went on to be one of the first clinicians?
Margaret Ayers
What couple had a son with a serious disorder and were among the first to develop affiliated offices and a standard procedure tree of protocols for neurofeedback.?
The Othmer Family
Anna Wise based her initial work on a British researcher who identified an awakened mind pattern. His name was_____________?
Maxwell Cade
Who organized the first neurofeedback meeting of 100 researchers and clinicians in Santa Monica in 1969?
Barbara Brown
Joe Kamiya found that _______________ trials were most effective for alpha training.
10 minute
Travis et. al. and Kamiya found ________ for operant conditioning of the EEG
proportional training was superior to dichotomous training
If food is presented to a dog and the dog salivates, then the food is the ______ and the salivation is considered the ______.
unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response
If a toddler hears a loud frightening sound every time is touches a teddy bear then it may become afraid of teddy bears. In this case the teddy bear would be the _____ and the fear would be the _______.
conditioned stimulus, conditioned response
If a child practices reading and also learns to generate beta waves at the same time, then every time the child reads it is likely they will produce beta waves. The beta waves are the __________ and the reading is the __________.
conditioned response, conditioned stimulus
An event or stimulus that makes the behavior it follows more likely to occur in the future is a __________.
reinforcer
A mother gives her child a cookie because she finished her homework on time. The cookie is a _______________.
positive reinforcer
A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is _________ and thus ___________ the probability of a response.
removed, increases
Johnny was bitten by a cat. Now he is afraid of most of the cats he sees. What has happened to Johnny illustrates the process called ___________.
generalization
Determining what the ratio or interval of reinforcement will be for the correct response to a stimulus is called defining the _________.
reinforcement schedule
Individuals usually demonstrate a capacity to learn ______________________.
incrementally and consistently, at their own individual unique rates, with little evidence until they reach a threshold
There is clinical evidence that entrainment devices ________________.
can accelerate learning in NFB training
Several studies suggest that a minimum reinforcement rate of ___________ should be used for dichotomous training.
75%
Many individuals require a minimum reinforcement rate of _______.
80-90%
Post reward synchronization is a ___________________________.
brief transient reduction in drive
