ch 1 part I - intro to microbiology Flashcards
what are the 3 shapes of bacteria?
bacillus (rod-shaped), cocci (spherical shaped), & spirillum (spiral-shaped)
why is microbiology important?
microbes produce 50% of oxygen, cycle resources back into the soil,
& we have hamburgers bc bacteria help cows digest grass
who is robert hooke?
created 1st simple microscope; cell theory
who is leeuwenhoek?
created better magnification 30x; saw first live cells “animalucles’ protozoans and bacteria
what are the most deadly microbes?
- HIV virus - no cure
- flu virus - 1918 pandemic
- bubonic plague
- ebola virus - 90% mortality
what are the 5 kingdoms?
- plantae
- animilia
- fungi
- protista
- monera
what kind of cells are plantae, animilia, & fungi?
multicellular & eukaryotic
what kind of cells are protista?
unicellular & EUKARYOTIC
what are the protista that can move?
protozoa
what are the protista that are plant-like?
algae
what are the protista that are fungi-like?
slime-mold
what kind of cells are monera?
unicellular & prokaryotic (contains bacteria)
what is the 3 domain system?
- eukarya - eukaryotes
- bacteria
- archaea
what are the prokaryotes w/ peptidoglycan cell wall?
bacteria
what are the prokaryotes w/ NO peptidoglycan and live in extreme environments?
archaea
what is the purpose of the 3 domain system?
by carl woese, based on rRNA that is used to find similarities b/t organism based on evolution
what are the 6 types of microbes?
- bacteria
- algae
- fungi
- protozoa
- helminths
- viruses
what are the two types of fungi?
- yeasts - unicellular, oval
- mold - multicellular, filamentous
what is the cell wall of fungi made up of?
chitin
what are the 3 types of protozoa?
- cilia - hair like
- flagellum - fewer hairs, longer
- pseudopodia - extended membrane, arm like
what are helminths?
eukaryotic parasitic worms
what are viruses?
non-living, dependent on host for replication
what is the binomial nomenclature?
- genus and species are italicized or underlined
- 1st letter is always capitalized
- by carollus linnaes
