CH 1: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY

Question 1

What is the definition of Psychology as a Science?

Answer 1

It is a scientific study of behaviors, study of mental processes and jit is science because it uses scientific method

Question 2

What are the goals of Psychology?

Answer 2

Description, Explanation, Prediction and Influence

Question 3

description

Answer 3

make notes about behaviors or situations observed

Question 4

Explanation

Answer 4

required understanding of conditions, understanding the causes of behavior and mental processes

Question 5

Prediction

Answer 5

Specify conditions under which behavior or event will likely occur

Understand and predict likelihood of occurrence

Question 6

Influence

Answer 6

apply principles and change conditions to prevent unwanted occurrences. Bring about desired outcomes.

Question 7

what is the basic and applied research?

Answer 7

seeks new knowledge

explore, advances general scientific understanding

answer the first 3 goals of psychology

applying research to life, solving practical problem

Question 8

Types of Research methods

Answer 8

Descriptive research method, and the experimental method

Question 9

who is the founder of psychology?

Answer 9

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 10

Who introduced psychology to North America?

Answer 10

Edward Brandford Titchener

Question 11

What is structuralism?

Answer 11

analyze basic elements/structure of conscious

an introspection of self-observation seen as not objective

Question 12

What is functionalism?

Answer 12

mental processes help animals adapt to environment

broadened scope of psychology to include study of behavior and mental processes

Question 13

Define Gestalt Psychology

Answer 13

perceived whole is more than sum of its part

Gestalt principles influence psychology of perception today

Question 14

who demonstrate the famous phi phenomenon?

Answer 14

Max Wertheimer

Question 15

who is the founder of behaviourism?

Answer 15

John B. Watson

Question 16

What is behaviorism?

Answer 16

observable, measurable behaviour.

environmental factors determine behaviour

Question 17

Psychoanalysis

Answer 17

Unseen, unconscious mental forces key to understanding human behavior

iceberg analogy

Question 18

controversy regarding psychoanalysis

Answer 18

it emphasis on sexual and aggressive impulses

Question 19

Who is the founder of Psychoanalysis?

Answer 19

Sigmund Freud

Question 20

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 20

Observe and record beahvior in natural setting with no attempt tonfluence or control behavior

Question 21

Laboratory Observation

Answer 21

Advantages are more control over environment, previse equipment to measure responses

Disadvantage is less spontaneity

Question 22

The Case Study Method

Answer 22

one or few participants, in-depth study usually over time

Study uncommon psychologicalor physiological disorders

Question 23

Survey Research

Answer 23

Using interview or questionnaires

Question 24

Correlational Method

Answer 24

Estalish relationship (correlation) betweentwo characteristics, events or behavior

It is useful in making prediction