Ch. 1: Introduction

Question 1

The 2 major components of science are ____

Answer 1

• Empirical observation
• Theory

Question 2

According to Karl Popper, a scientific theory must be refutable. This is called the principle of ____

Answer 2

Falsifiability

Question 3

True or False?

*According to the correspondence theory of truth, scientific laws correspond to an external, true, reality that exists independently from the observer’s mind *

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Thomas Kuhn, who wrote the seminal book “The structure of scientific revolutions” is best known for his discussion of ______, or widely accepted viewpoints that profoundly shape how we look at things.

Answer 4

Paradigm

Question 5

The 3 stages that sciences pass through as they develop, according to Kuhn are:

Answer 5

1. Preparadigmatic
2. Paradigmatic
3. Revolutionary

Question 6

True or False?

Feyrabend believed that anarchistic moves are necessary in science, explaining that there is a great deal of opportunism in the advancement of science

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Which of the following definitions best describe the idea of “determinism”?

Answer 7

All behavior is caused, whether by biological, sociocultural environmental, or physical factors

Question 8

True or False?

One can hold to a “hard determinism” and still believe in personal responsibility, according to William James

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Of the different forms of dualism, which one holds that mind and body are like “two sides of the same coin”

Answer 9

Double aspectism

Question 10

Epistemology is a term that refers to the study of ______

Answer 10

Knowledge