Ch. 1 Intro to Anatomy and Physiology Vocab

Question 0

Physiology

Answer 0

Dealing with the functions of the body and it’s parts. How things work and what they do.

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Dealing with the form and structure of the body and it’s parts. What things look like and where they are located.

Question 2

Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 2

Dealing with structures so small that a microscope is needed to see them clearly. Such as cells and tissues.

Question 3

Macroscopic Anatomy

Answer 3

Dealing with body parts large enough to see with the unaided eye. Such as organs, muscles, and bones. AKA gross anatomy.

Question 4

Regional Anatomy

Answer 4

All components of each region of the body are examined, tends to be overlap between adjacent regions.

Question 5

Systemic Anatomy

Answer 5

Dealing with the systems of the body, this approach allows the whole body to be looked at by breaking down into clear, logical components.

Question 6

Sagittal Plane

Answer 6

A plane that runs the length of the body and divides it into left and right parts that are not necessarily equal halves

Question 7

Median plane

Answer 7

A special kind of sagittal plane that runs down the center of the body lengthwise and divides it into equal left and right halves it is also known as a mid sagittal plane

Question 8

Transverse plane

Answer 8

A plane across the body that divides it into cranial and caudal parts that are not necessarily equal

Question 9

Dorsal plane

Answer 9

A plane at right angles to the sagittal and transverse plane. It divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts that are not necessarily equal.
In humans this is called the frontal plane

Question 10

Frontal plane

Answer 10

A plane at right angles to the sagittal and transverse plane. It divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts that are not necessarily equal.

Called dorsal plane in animals

Question 11

Cranial

Answer 11

Toward the head

Question 12

Caudal

Answer 12

Toward the tail

Question 13

Cranium

Answer 13

Head or cranial cavity

Question 14

Superior

Answer 14

Used in place of cranial in humans, towards the head.

Question 15

Inferior

Answer 15

Used in place of caudal for humans, towards the tail

Question 16

Rostral

Answer 16

Towards the tip of the nose (only used to describe positions or directions on the head)

Question 17

Dorsal

Answer 17

Toward the back of a standing animal.

Question 18

Ventral

Answer 18

Toward the belly of a standing animal.

Question 19

Posterior

Answer 19

Used in humans in place of dorsal. Toward the back.

Question 20

Anterior

Answer 20

Used in humans in place of ventral. Toward the belly.

Question 21

Medial

Answer 21

Towards the median plane

Question 22

Lateral

Answer 22

Away from the median plane

Question 23

Midsagittal plane

Answer 23

Same as median plane (A special kind of sagittal plane that runs down the center of the body lengthwise dividing it into equal left and right halves.)

Question 24

Deep

Answer 24

Toward the center of the body or a body part. Internal is sometimes used in place of deep

Question 25

Internal

Answer 25

Same as deep. Toward the center of the body or a body part

Question 26

Superficial

Answer 26

Toward the surface of the body or a body part. External is sometimes used in place of superficial

Question 27

External

Answer 27

Same as superficial. Toward the surface of the body or body part

Question 28

Proximal

Answer 28

Toward the body

Question 29

Distal

Answer 29

Away from the body

Question 30

Palmer

Answer 30

The back surface of the front leg distal to the carpus. Like the palm of our hand

Question 31

Plantar

Answer 31

The back of the hind leg distal to the Tarsus. Like the plantar or ground surface of our foot

Question 32

Bilateral symmetry

Answer 32

Left and right halves of an animal body essentially mirror images of each other

Question 33

Dorsal body cavity

Answer 33

Contains the brain and spinal cord that is the central nervous system

Question 34

Spinal canal

Answer 34

The spinal cavity it is formed from the vertebrae of the spine and it houses and protects the spinal cord

Question 35

Thorax

Answer 35

Chest or cranial thoracic cavity

Question 36

Abdomen

Answer 36

Caudal abdomen cavity

Question 37

Pleura

Answer 37

A thin membrane covering all the organs in the thoracic cavity

Question 38

Parietal layer

Answer 38

A layer of the pleura that lines the whole thoracic cavity

Question 39

Visceral layer

Answer 39

Layer of the pleura that lies right on there viscera (the organs)

Question 40

Organs

Answer 40

Viscera

Question 41

Viscera

Answer 41

Organs

Question 42

Ventral body cavity

Answer 42

Contains the soft organs of the body. Divided by the diaphragm into thorax and abdomen

Question 43

Pleuritis

Answer 43

When the pleural surfaces become thickened and roughened by inflammation. With each breath the surfaces scrape over each other and cause pain.

Question 44

Pleurisy

Answer 44

When the pleural surfaces become thickened and roughened by inflammation. With each breath the surfaces scrape over each other and cause pain.

Question 45

Peritoneum

Answer 45

Thin membrane that lines and covers all the contents of the abdomen

Question 46

Peritonitis

Answer 46

Inflammation of the peritoneum. Commonly occurs from a wound that penetrates into abdomen from the outside or from a rupture or perforation of the GI tract.

Question 47

Cells

Answer 47

Are the basic functional units of animal life. The smallest subdivisions of the body capable of life.

Question 48

Tissues

Answer 48

Specialized group of cells.

Question 49

Systems

Answer 49

Most complex level of organization in the body

Question 50

Health

Answer 50

State of normal anatomy and physiology

Question 51

Homeostasis

Answer 51

The maintenance of a dynamic equilibrium in the body.

Question 52

Dynamic

Answer 52

Refers to activity, energy, and work.

Question 53

Planes of reference

Answer 53

Four reference planes to help divide the body up clearly.