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General Chemistry 2 > Ch. 1 - Intermolecular Forces and the Properties of Solid and Liquid > Flashcards

Ch. 1 - Intermolecular Forces and the Properties of Solid and Liquid Flashcards

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1
Q

Another term for London Dispersion Interaction/Forces.

A

Van der Waals Forces

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2
Q

The temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of a substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.

A

Triple Point

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3
Q

Attracted to and is soluble in water.

A

Hydrophilic

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4
Q

The force that pulls molecules with opposite charges together.

A

Electrostatic Force

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5
Q

The 3 types of system.

A

Open System
Closed System
Isolated System

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6
Q

The interaction between an ion and a dipole.

A

Ion Dipole Interaction

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7
Q

A solid that consists of positively and negatively charged ions held together by electrostatic forces.

A

Ionic Crystal

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8
Q

The temperature at which the vapor pressure equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure.

A

Boiling Point

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9
Q

The energy required to transform a given quantity of a substance from a liquid into a gas at a given pressure.

A

Molar Heat of Vaporization

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10
Q

The regular repeating structure of a crystalline solid.

A

Crystal Lattice

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11
Q

Corresponds to a specific pressure and temperature above which the fluid has both properties of liquid and vapor.

A

Critical Point

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12
Q

The physical forces governing the interaction BETWEEN molecules.

A

Intermolecular Forces

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13
Q

A solid composed of molecules held together by Van der Waals Forces.

A

Molecular Crystal

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14
Q

A special kind of intermolecular force wherein a hydrogen atom bonds to either an oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen atom.

A

Hydrogen Bond

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15
Q

What type of intermolecular force is very evident when dissolving sodium chloride in water?

A

Ion Dipole Interaction

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16
Q

The higher the temperature, the _______ the viscosity (lower/higher).

A

Lower (Inversely Proportional)

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17
Q

The elastic tendency of a fluid surface which makes it acquire the least surface area possible. It is also the amount of energy required to stretch the surface of the liquid by a unit area.

A

Surface Tension

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18
Q

A molecule with 2 poles.

A

Dipole

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19
Q

The pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solids and liquids) at a given temperature in a closed system.

A

Vapor Pressure

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20
Q

High vapor pressure at a normal temperature is referred to as ________.

A

Volatile

21
Q

What is capillarity?

A

The rise or depression of a liquid in a small passage.

22
Q

Hydrogen bond is a special kind of what intermolecular force?

A

Dipole Dipole Interaction

23
Q

Characteristics of Liquids

A
  1. fluid and can flow
  2. liquid particles have more energy than solid particles
  3. has definite volume but indefinite shape
  4. low (no) compressibility
  5. the type of intermolecular force depends on the chemical make-up of the liquid itself
  6. IMF is affected by the kinetic energy of the substance
  7. the higher the kinetic energy the weaker the
    intermolecular forces
24
Q

Any point beyond the critical point of a substance, in which liquification is impossible.

A

Supercritical Fluid

25
Q

Particles that have permanent whole number charges.

A

Ions

26
Q

Water has ____ specific heat (low/high).

A

High

27
Q

A solid material whose components, such as atoms, molecules or ions, are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure.

A

Crystalline Solid or Crystal

28
Q

Repels water molecules.

A

Hydrophobic

29
Q

The physical forces governing the interaction WITHIN a molecule.

A

Intramolecular Forces

30
Q

Properties of Solids

A

Conductivity
Malleability and Ductility
Solubility
Density

31
Q

The smallest subunit of a crystal lattice that can be repeated over and over to make the entire crystal.

A

Unit Cell

32
Q

The weakest type of intermolecular force. It is present in all types of molecules but is most evident in non-polar ones.

A

London Dispersion Interaction/Forces

33
Q

A measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow.

A

Viscosity

34
Q

The most evident type of intermolecular force between 2 molecules with 2 poles.

A

Dipole Dipole Interaction

35
Q

The higher the temperature, the _______ the vapor pressure (lower/higher).

A

Higher (Directly Proportional)

36
Q

A substance that can flow.

A

Fluid (not necessarily liquid)

37
Q

A solid that has a considerable disorder in its molecular structure.

A

Amorphous Solid

38
Q

Who is LDF named after?

A

Fritz London

39
Q

The higher the intermolecular forces, the _______ the surface tension (lower/higher).

A

Higher (Directly Proportional)

40
Q

The force that attracts molecules of the SAME substance.

A

Cohesive Force/Cohesion

41
Q

The force that binds molecules of DIFFERENT substances together.

A

Adhesive Force/Adhesion

42
Q

Name the phase change: solid to liquid

A

Melting

43
Q

Name the phase change: liquid to solid

A

Freezing/Solidification

44
Q

Name the phase change: solid to gas

A

Sublimation

45
Q

Name the phase change: gas to solid

A

Deposition

46
Q

Name the phase change: gas to liquid

A

Condensation

47
Q

Name the phase change: liquid to gas

A

Evaporation/Vaporization

48
Q

Transformations of matter from one physical state to another.

A

Phase Change

49
Q

Types of Crystalline Solids

A

Ionic Solids
Covalent Solids
Molecular Solids
Metallic Solids

General Chemistry 2 (2 decks)

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