Ch. 1 - Intermolecular Forces and the Properties of Solid and Liquid

Question 1

Another term for London Dispersion Interaction/Forces.

Answer 1

Van der Waals Forces

Question 2

The temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of a substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.

Answer 2

Triple Point

Question 3

Attracted to and is soluble in water.

Answer 3

Hydrophilic

Question 4

The force that pulls molecules with opposite charges together.

Answer 4

Electrostatic Force

Question 5

The 3 types of system.

Answer 5

Open System
Closed System
Isolated System

Question 6

The interaction between an ion and a dipole.

Answer 6

Ion Dipole Interaction

Question 7

A solid that consists of positively and negatively charged ions held together by electrostatic forces.

Answer 7

Ionic Crystal

Question 8

The temperature at which the vapor pressure equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure.

Answer 8

Boiling Point

Question 9

The energy required to transform a given quantity of a substance from a liquid into a gas at a given pressure.

Answer 9

Molar Heat of Vaporization

Question 10

The regular repeating structure of a crystalline solid.

Answer 10

Crystal Lattice

Question 11

Corresponds to a specific pressure and temperature above which the fluid has both properties of liquid and vapor.

Answer 11

Critical Point

Question 12

The physical forces governing the interaction BETWEEN molecules.

Answer 12

Intermolecular Forces

Question 13

A solid composed of molecules held together by Van der Waals Forces.

Answer 13

Molecular Crystal

Question 14

A special kind of intermolecular force wherein a hydrogen atom bonds to either an oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen atom.

Answer 14

Hydrogen Bond

Question 15

What type of intermolecular force is very evident when dissolving sodium chloride in water?

Answer 15

Ion Dipole Interaction

Question 16

The higher the temperature, the _______ the viscosity (lower/higher).

Answer 16

Lower (Inversely Proportional)

Question 17

The elastic tendency of a fluid surface which makes it acquire the least surface area possible. It is also the amount of energy required to stretch the surface of the liquid by a unit area.

Answer 17

Surface Tension

Question 18

A molecule with 2 poles.

Answer 18

Dipole

Question 19

The pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solids and liquids) at a given temperature in a closed system.

Answer 19

Vapor Pressure

Question 20

High vapor pressure at a normal temperature is referred to as ________.

Answer 20

Volatile

Question 21

What is capillarity?

Answer 21

The rise or depression of a liquid in a small passage.

Question 22

Hydrogen bond is a special kind of what intermolecular force?

Answer 22

Dipole Dipole Interaction

Question 23

Characteristics of Liquids

Answer 23

1. fluid and can flow
2. liquid particles have more energy than solid particles
3. has definite volume but indefinite shape
4. low (no) compressibility
5. the type of intermolecular force depends on the chemical make-up of the liquid itself
6. IMF is affected by the kinetic energy of the substance
7. the higher the kinetic energy the weaker the
   intermolecular forces

Question 24

Any point beyond the critical point of a substance, in which liquification is impossible.

Answer 24

Supercritical Fluid

Question 25

Particles that have permanent whole number charges.

Answer 25

Ions

Question 26

Water has ____ specific heat (low/high).

Answer 26

High

Question 27

A solid material whose components, such as atoms, molecules or ions, are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure.

Answer 27

Crystalline Solid or Crystal

Question 28

Repels water molecules.

Answer 28

Hydrophobic

Question 29

The physical forces governing the interaction WITHIN a molecule.

Answer 29

Intramolecular Forces

Question 30

Properties of Solids

Answer 30

Conductivity Malleability and Ductility Solubility Density

Question 31

The smallest subunit of a crystal lattice that can be repeated over and over to make the entire crystal.

Answer 31

Unit Cell

Question 32

The weakest type of intermolecular force. It is present in all types of molecules but is most evident in non-polar ones.

Answer 32

London Dispersion Interaction/Forces

Question 33

A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.

Answer 33

Viscosity

Question 34

The most evident type of intermolecular force between 2 molecules with 2 poles.

Answer 34

Dipole Dipole Interaction

Question 35

The higher the temperature, the _______ the vapor pressure (lower/higher).

Answer 35

Higher (Directly Proportional)

Question 36

A substance that can flow.

Answer 36

Fluid (not necessarily liquid)

Question 37

A solid that has a considerable disorder in its molecular structure.

Answer 37

Amorphous Solid

Question 38

Who is LDF named after?

Answer 38

Fritz London

Question 39

The higher the intermolecular forces, the _______ the surface tension (lower/higher).

Answer 39

Higher (Directly Proportional)

Question 40

The force that attracts molecules of the SAME substance.

Answer 40

Cohesive Force/Cohesion

Question 41

The force that binds molecules of DIFFERENT substances together.

Answer 41

Adhesive Force/Adhesion

Question 42

Name the phase change: solid to liquid

Answer 42

Melting

Question 43

Name the phase change: liquid to solid

Answer 43

Freezing/Solidification

Question 44

Name the phase change: solid to gas

Answer 44

Sublimation

Question 45

Name the phase change: gas to solid

Answer 45

Deposition

Question 46

Name the phase change: gas to liquid

Answer 46

Condensation

Question 47

Name the phase change: liquid to gas

Answer 47

Evaporation/Vaporization

Question 48

Transformations of matter from one physical state to another.

Answer 48

Phase Change

Question 49

Types of Crystalline Solids

Answer 49

Ionic Solids Covalent Solids Molecular Solids Metallic Solids